Trial reportToxins2024
Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy after Botulinum Toxin Injection for Post-Stroke Upper Extremity Spasticity: A Randomized Controlled Study.
Trial report in Toxins, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave therapy for post-stroke spasticity and dose-response analysis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Extracorporeal shock wave therapy for post-stroke spasticity: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Network meta-analysis of different acupuncture methods for post-stroke upper-limb spasticity.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Trial
- A Clinical Practice Framework for Ultrasound-Informed Multimodal Management of Post-Stroke Spasticity: A Proof-of-Concept Case.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Non-Invasive Assessment of Hypertonic Muscle Properties After Botulinum Toxin Neuromodulation in Post-Stroke Patients: A Systematic Literature Review of Recent Evidence (2023-2025) on Mobility and Balance.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Efficacy of radial shock wave therapy for ankle spasticity in patients with stroke within 3 months of onset: a prospective quasi-experimental study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Multimodal assessment of the effects of radial pressure wave therapy on spastic muscles in patients with traumatic brain injury.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Effect of intermittent theta burst stimulation on upper limb function in stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Advances in the diagnosis and management of post-stroke limb spasticity: a narrative review.Frontiers in neurologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Post-stroke spasticity is a common complication that limits the functional performance of patients. Botulinum toxin (BTx) is an effective treatment for spasticity. Numerous researchers have applied extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) to address post-stroke spasticity, yielding positive clinical outcomes. We aimed to clarify the add-on effects of ESWT on BTx therapy for spasticity in patients with post-stroke. Sixteen eligible patients with upper extremity spasticity after stroke were recruited for this study. They were randomized to either a BTx with focused ESWT treatment group or a BTx alone group. Spasticity, measured using the modified Ashworth score (MAS) and modified Tardieu scale (MTS), showed statistically significant improvements in the elbow and wrist flexor muscles in both BTx + ESWT group and BTx alone groups. However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups with time flow. The BTx + ESWT group showed significantly decreased MAS of the finger flexors at follow-up and increased R1 (MTS) of the finger flexors at 3 weeks after treatment, which was not observed in the BTx alone group. This is the first study to identify the add-on effect of ESWT on BTx injections to improve post-stroke upper limb spasticity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.