ArticleJournal of cardiovascular development and disease2024
Lower Limit of Normality of Segmental Multilayer Longitudinal Strain in Healthy Adult Subjects.
Article in Journal of cardiovascular development and disease, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Development of a Diagnostic Model Based on Serum ST2 and Left Atrial Strain for Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in Patients With Chronic Coronary Syndrome.Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Sex-Related Differences in Myocardial Deformation and Systolic Function in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Global Longitudinal Strain and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Heart Rate Variability and Perceived Recovery as Predictors of Performance in Athletes Competing in Sprint Events.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Weekly Fluctuations in Internal Load and Neuromuscular Performance Across a 10-Week Training Period in Elite Female Boxers.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Associations between generative AI use frequency, technology acceptance, attitudes toward AI, and reported learning preference patterns among students in physical education classes.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
- Left ventricular myocardial strain in neonates is influenced by the definition of the basal region of interest.Echo research and practice · 2025Article
- The Link Between Left Atrial Longitudinal Reservoir Strain and Mitral Annulus Geometry in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Giant Popliteal Venous Aneurysm-A Rare Cause of Recurrent Pulmonary Embolism.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- The Relationship Between Motivation for Physical Activity, Physical Activity Level, and Body Mass Index for University Students.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Layer-Specific Strain Analysis in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Wild-type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis: a case of multisystemic involvement and review of literature.Romanian journal of morphology and embryology = Revue roumaine de morphologie et embryologieReview
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Speckle tracking echocardiography is an advanced imaging technique that allows for a more detailed assessment of cardiac global and regional function. Reference values for segmental longitudinal layered strain (subendocardial, mid-myocardial, and subepicardial) are scarce, limiting the clinical use of these measurements in clinical practice. Two hundred consecutive Caucasian healthy subjects (mean age = 37 ± 11 years) were enrolled in the study. The mean values of global longitudinal strain (GLS) for endocardial (Endo), mid-myocardial (Myo) and epicardial (Epi) layers were -22.9 ± 2.7, -20.0 ± 2.4 and -17.5 ± 2.1, respectively. The GLSEndo/GLSMyo ratio was 1.1 ± 0.05, while the GLSEndo/GLSEpi ratio was 1.3 ± 0.05. The apical strain-sparing ratio was >1 in 10% of the subjects (endocardium) and 7% (mid-myocardium). The lower limits for segmental LS were as follows: for endocardial LS, -10% (basal), -12% (mid), -14% (apical); for mid-myocardial LS, -10% -10% (basal), -10% (mid), -10% (apical); and for epicardial LS, -7% (basal), -8% (mid), -8% (apical). The findings of this study provide data regarding the lower limit of normality of LS for each LV segment and suggest, for practical considerations, that an LS value below 10% should be considered abnormal in any segment. Further larger studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
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