Peptidome Profiling of

Urinary proteins have been studied quite exhaustively in the past, however, the small sized peptides have remained neglected for a long time in dairy cattle. These peptides are the products of systemic protein turnover, which are excreted out of the body and hence can serve as an important biomarker for various pathophysiologies. These peptides in other species of bovine have been reported to possess several bioactive properties. To investigate the urinary peptides in buffalo and simultaneously their bioactivities, we generated a peptidome profile from the urine of Murrah Buffaloes (n = 10). Urine samples were processed using <10 kDa MWCO filter and filtrate obtained was used for peptide extraction using Solid Phase Extraction (SPE). The nLC-MS/MS of the aqueous phase from ten animals resulted in the identification of 8165 peptides originating from 6041 parent proteins. We further analyzed these peptide sequences to identify bioactive peptides and classify them into anti-cancerous, anti-hypertensive, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory groups with a special emphasis on antimicrobial properties. With this in mind, we simultaneously conducted experiments to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of urinary aqueous extract on three pathogenic bacterial strains: