Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38665637›Full record

ArticleAsia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing2024

Financial toxicity and its risk factors among patients with cancer in China: A nationwide multisite study.

Binbin Xu, Winnie K W So, Kai Chow Choi, Yu Huang, Mei Liu, Lanxiang Qiu, Jianghong Tan, Hua Tao, Keli Yan, Fei Yang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

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0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Observational
  5. Article
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  7. Article
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  9. Review
  10. Bangkok declarations on cancer control in Asia.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Influence of age on financial toxicity in cancer patients.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Binbin XuSchool of Nursing, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.
Winnie K W SoThe Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Kai Chow ChoiThe Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Yu HuangThe Nursing Department of the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
Mei LiuThe Infection Control Department of Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, China.
Lanxiang QiuThe Nursing Department of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
Jianghong TanThe Nursing Department of Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China.
Hua TaoThe Oncology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Keli YanThe Internal Medicine Nursing Office, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Fei YangThe Nursing Department of Nanjing Pukou People's Hospital, Nanjing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: We assessed financial toxicity (FT) among Chinese patients with cancer and investigated associated risk factors guided by a multilevel conceptual framework. Methods: Applying multistage stratified sampling, we selected six tertiary and six secondary hospitals across three economically diverse provinces in China. From February to October 2022, 1208 patients with cancer participated. FT was measured using the COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity (COST), with 28 potential risk factors identified at multilevel. Multiple regression analysis was used for risk factor identification. Results: FT prevalence was 82.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 80.5%, 84.8%), with high FT (COST score ≤ 18.5) observed in 40.9% of participants (95% CI: 38.1%, 43.7%). Significant risk factors included younger age at cancer diagnosis, unmarried status, low annual household income, negative impact of cancer on participants' or family caregiver's work, advanced cancer stage, longer hospital stay for cancer treatment or treatment-related side effects, high perceived stress, poor emotional/informational support, lack of social medical insurance or having urban and rural resident basic medical insurance, lack of commercial medical insurance, tertiary hospital treatment, and inadequate cost discussions with healthcare providers (all Conclusions: Cancer-related FT is prevalent in China, contributing to disparities in cancer care access and health-related outcomes. The risk factors associated with cancer-related FT encompasses multilevel, including patient/family, provider/practice, and payer/policy levels. There is an urgent need for collective efforts by patients, healthcare providers, policymakers, and insurers to safeguard the financial security and well-being of individuals affected by cancer, promoting health equities in the realm of cancer care.

Indexed as

CancerChinaFinancial toxicityHealth equityMultisiteRisk factor

Identifiers

PMID38665637
PMCPMC11039943

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.