ArticleNPJ Parkinson's disease2024
Ultrastructural localization of Porphyromonas gingivalis gingipains in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease brains.
Article in NPJ Parkinson's disease, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hospital-treated infection associated with Alzheimer's disease pathology: underlying mechanisms.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Retinal Pathology and Synucleinopathy in the Visual Pathway of α-Synuclein Preformed Fibril Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Phosphorylated lantibiotics-producing commensals integrate into the human oral microbiome to suppress pathogens and promote microbiome homeostasis.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Porphyromonas gingivalis produces a functional HemH ferrochelatase important for its survival in a heme-limited environment.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Chronic periodontitis and systemic inflammation in the elderly: implications for neurodegeneration.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Oral Dysbiosis and Neuroinflammation: Implications for Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Mood Disorders.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Organelle-Targeted Nanotherapeutics for Parkinson's Disease: From Pathogenesis to Preclinical Strategies and Translational Challenges.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Dihydromyricetin exhibits potent antibacterial activity and virulence factor inhibitory effects againstFrontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- Periodontitis and Parkinson's disease: a narrative review of associations, proposed mechanisms, and clinical considerations.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Review
- Parkinson's disease and Porphyromonas gingivalis levels: a case-control study.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2026Article
- Coinfection ofFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Lys-specific gingipain (Kgp) ofmBio · 2025Article
- Serotype and distribution of adhesion genes in Streptococcus mutans isolated from people with Parkinson's disease.Odontology · 2025Article
- Macrophage-Hosted Porphyromonas gingivalis Is a Risk Factor for Cataract Development.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Exploring heme and iron acquisition strategies of Porphyromonas gingivalis-current facts and hypotheses.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Review
- Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy's Influence on Alpha-Synuclein and Inflammatory Marker Levels: A Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gingipains are protease virulence factors produced by Porphyromonas gingivalis, a Gram-negative bacterium best known for its role in chronic periodontitis. Gingipains were recently identified in the middle temporal gyrus of postmortem Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains, where gingipain load correlated with AD diagnosis and tau and ubiquitin pathology. Since AD and Parkinson's disease (PD) share some overlapping pathologic features, including nigral pathology and Lewy bodies, the current study explored whether gingipains are present in the substantia nigra pars compacta of PD brains. In immunohistochemical techniques and multi-channel fluorescence studies, gingipain antigens were abundant in dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of both PD and neurologically normal control brains. 3-dimensional reconstructions of Lewy body containing neurons revealed that gingipains associated with the periphery of alpha-synuclein aggregates but were occasionally observed inside aggregates. In vitro proteomic analysis demonstrated that recombinant alpha-synuclein is cleaved by lysine-gingipain, generating multiple alpha-synuclein fragments including the non-amyloid component fragments. Immunogold electron microscopy with co-labeling of gingipains and alpha-synuclein confirmed the occasional colocalization of gingipains with phosphorylated (pSER129) alpha-synuclein. In dopaminergic neurons, gingipains localized to the perinuclear cytoplasm, neuromelanin, mitochondria, and nucleus. These data suggest that gingipains localize in dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and interact with alpha-synuclein.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.