Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38663156›Full record

ArticleOral oncology2024

Immune infiltration at the primary tumor is associated with clinical outcome of patients with extranodal extension of lymph node metastasis in oral cancer.

Chieko Michikawa, Frederico O Gleber-Netto, Curtis R Pickering, Xiayu Rao, Jing Wang, Andrew G Sikora, Jeffrey N Myers, Mitchell J Frederick

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Oral oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Rates and Outcomes of Head and Neck Cancer Among Patients With Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Chieko MichikawaDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: c-michikawa.mfs@tmd.ac.jp.
Frederico O Gleber-NettoDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Curtis R PickeringDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Xiayu RaoDepartment of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Jing WangDepartment of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Andrew G SikoraDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Jeffrey N MyersDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Mitchell J FrederickDepartment of Otolaryngology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Funding

Tumor Evolution and Metastasis ProgramP30CA016672 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR · PI Fabien Delerue · 1985 to 2026
$290.8M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016672
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundExtranodal extension (ENE) of lymph node metastasis is one of the most reliable prognostic indicators for patients with locally advanced oral cancer. Although multiple reports have found a close relationship between immune infiltration of tumors and patient clinical outcomes, its association with ENE is unknown.

methodsWe identified 234 human papillomavirus-negative (HPV-) oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas and investigated the immune infiltration profiles of primary tumors and their association with survival.

resultsHierarchical clustering analysis clearly classified the overall immune infiltration status in OSCC into high immune or low immune groups. The combination of ENE positivity and low immune infiltration was strongly associated with poor overall survival (OS) compared to the combination of ENE positivity and high immune infiltration [hazard ratio 2.04 (95 %CI, 1.08-3.83); p = 0.024]. The immune infiltration status was not associated with OS rates in patients with ENE-negative or node negative tumors.

conclusionOverall Immune infiltration at the primary site was significantly associated with clinical outcome of OSCC patients with ENE.

Indexed as

Lymphatic MetastasisMouth NeoplasmsAdultAgedCarcinoma, Squamous CellExtranodal ExtensionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisClassificationExtranodal extensionImmune infiltrationLymph node metastasisOral cancerSquamous cell carcinomaTumor immunologyTumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID38663156
PMCPMC12276890

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.