Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38660178›Full record

ArticlePeerJ. Computer science2024

A survey on multi-lingual offensive language detection.

Khouloud Mnassri, Reza Farahbakhsh, Razieh Chalehchaleh, Praboda Rajapaksha, Amir Reza Jafari, Guanlin Li, Noel Crespi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PeerJ. Computer science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Khouloud MnassriSamovar, Telecom SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France.ORCID 0000-0002-0222-9111
Reza FarahbakhshSamovar, Telecom SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France.ORCID 0000-0003-3219-3700
Razieh ChalehchalehSamovar, Telecom SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France.
Praboda RajapakshaSamovar, Telecom SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France.
Amir Reza JafariSamovar, Telecom SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France.
Guanlin LiSamovar, Telecom SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France.
Noel CrespiSamovar, Telecom SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The prevalence of offensive content on online communication and social media platforms is growing more and more common, which makes its detection difficult, especially in multilingual settings. The term "Offensive Language" encompasses a wide range of expressions, including various forms of hate speech and aggressive content. Therefore, exploring multilingual offensive content, that goes beyond a single language, focus and represents more linguistic diversities and cultural factors. By exploring multilingual offensive content, we can broaden our understanding and effectively combat the widespread global impact of offensive language. This survey examines the existing state of multilingual offensive language detection, including a comprehensive analysis on previous multilingual approaches, and existing datasets, as well as provides resources in the field. We also explore the related community challenges on this task, which include technical, cultural, and linguistic ones, as well as their limitations. Furthermore, in this survey we propose several potential future directions toward more efficient solutions for multilingual offensive language detection, enabling safer digital communication environment worldwide.

Indexed as

Hate speechLiterature reviewMultilingualismOffensive languageSocial media

Identifiers

PMID38660178
PMCPMC11042037

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.