Observational studyOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2024
Refracture and mortality risk in the elderly with osteoporotic fractures: the AGES-Reykjavik study.
Observational study in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- CT image-based biomarkers for opportunistic screening of osteoporotic fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2024Pooled it
- Multimorbidity patterns among fragility fracture patients aged 50 + years in China and the US.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Article
- Article
- Refracture or death after osteoporotic fracture: five-year competing-risk and multistate trajectories.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- The Impact of Fracture Liaison Services on Outcomes in Older Patients: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Disparities in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis in Persons with Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.Current osteoporosis reports · 2025Review
- Comparison of the time-dependent discriminatory accuracy of femoral strength and bone mineral density for predicting future hip and major osteoporotic fractures: a 16-year follow-up of the AGES-Reykjavik cohort.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025Article
- Clinical outcomes and safety of combined calcitriol and bisphosphonates in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Analysis of Risk Factors for Augmented Vertebral Refracture After Percutaneous Kyphoplasty in Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a nomogram for all-cause mortality in osteoporosis patients over five years.PloS one · 2025Article
- Fracture-Induced Immunological Cascades Trigger Rapid Systemic Bone Loss via Osteocyte-Regulated Osteoclastogenesis.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Article
- Trends in Orthopaedic Surgery on Patients 90 Years Old and Older 2014-2023.The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2025Article
- Article
- Vitamin K intake levels are associated with bone health in people aged over 50 years: a NHANES-based survey.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is imminent refracture risk in elderly individuals for up to six years, with a decline thereafter except in women below 75 who face a constant elevated risk. Elderly men with fractures face the highest mortality risk, particularly those with hip and vertebral fractures. Targeted monitoring and treatment strategies are recommended. PURPOSE: Current management and interventions for osteoporotic fractures typically focus on bone mineral density loss, resulting in suboptimal evaluation of fracture risk. The aim of the study is to understand the progression of fractures to refractures and mortality in the elderly using multi-state models to better target those at risk.
methodsThis prospective, observational study analysed data from the AGES-Reykjavik cohort of Icelandic elderly, using multi-state models to analyse the evolution of fractures into refractures and mortality, and to estimate the probability of future events in subjects based on prognostic factors.
resultsAt baseline, 4778 older individuals aged 65 years and older were included. Elderly men, and elderly women above 80 years of age, had a distinct imminent refracture risk that lasted between 2-6 years, followed by a sharp decline. However, elderly women below 75 continued to maintain a nearly constant refracture risk profile for ten years. Hip (30-63%) and vertebral (24-55%) fractures carried the highest 5-year mortality burden for elderly men and women, regardless of age, and for elderly men over 80, lower leg fractures also posed a significant mortality risk.
conclusionThe risk of refracture significantly increases in the first six years following the initial fracture. Elderly women, who experience fractures at a younger age, should be closely monitored to address their long-term elevated refracture risk. Elderly men, especially those with hip and vertebral fractures, face substantial mortality risk and require prioritized monitoring and treatment.
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