Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38655457›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical and translational science2024

The impact of social-environmental factors on IQ in syndromic intellectual developmental disabilities.

Walker S McKinney, Desireé N Williford, Leonard Abbeduto, Lauren M Schmitt

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical and translational science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
8.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Childhood-Onset Psychosis: A large UK case series.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026
    Article
  5. Methodological challenges and opportunities when studying the course of autism.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2025
    Article
  6. Expanding Research on Contextual Factors in Autism Research: What Took Us So Long?Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Walker S McKinneyDepartment of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5281-3749
Desireé N WillifordDepartment of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Leonard AbbedutoMIND Institute, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Lauren M SchmittDepartment of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center · USUniversity of California, Davis · US

Funding

Electrophysiological Biomarkers of Neurocognitive Deficits in Fragile X SyndromeK23HD101416 · NICHD · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI SCHMITT, LAUREN · 2020 to 2024
$617k
NICHD NIH HHS K23 HD101416
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite having the same underlying genetic etiology, individuals with the same syndromic form of intellectual developmental disability (IDD) show a large degree of interindividual differences in cognition and IQ. Research indicates that up to 80% of the variation in IQ scores among individuals with syndromic IDDs is attributable to nongenetic effects, including social-environmental factors. In this narrative review, we summarize evidence of the influence that factors related to economic stability (focused on due to its prevalence in existing literature) have on IQ in individuals with syndromic IDDs. We also highlight the pathways through which economic stability is hypothesized to impact cognitive development and drive individual differences in IQ among individuals with syndromic IDDs. We also identify broader social-environmental factors (e.g., social determinants of health) that warrant consideration in future research, but that have not yet been explored in syndromic IDDs. We conclude by making recommendations to address the urgent need for further research into other salient factors associated with heterogeneity in IQ. These recommendations ultimately may shape individual- and community-level interventions and may inform systems-level public policy efforts to promote the cognitive development of and improve the lived experiences of individuals with syndromic IDDs.

Indexed as

22q11.2 deletion syndromecognitive developmentdevelopmental disabilitiesDown syndromeeconomic stabilityenvironmentfragile x syndromegenetic syndromehome environmentintellectual developmental disabilitiesIQparental stresssocial-demographic variablessocial determinants of healthsocioeconomic statussyndromic IDD

Identifiers

PMID38655457
PMCPMC11036438
OpenAlexW4393987671

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.