ArticlePlastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open2024
Congenital Unilateral Zygomaticomaxillomandibular Fusion in a 4-year-old Girl.
Article in Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Congenital syngnathia: a case report of osseous fusion between the maxilla and mandible.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Congenital Syngnathia With Holoprosencephaly: A Case Report of a Fatal Presentation in a Resource-Limited Setting.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Congenital zygomaticomaxillomandibular (ZMM) fusion is an extremely rare and debilitating condition. Fusion of the jaws results in a severe limitation of the mouth opening accompanied by breathing and feeding difficulties. Mandibular fusions to the maxilla, palate, zygoma, and temporal bone are described in literature. We present the case of 4-year-old girl diagnosed with congenital unilateral ZMM fusion. She was treated surgically at 1 year and at 4 and a half years to release the fusion and to improve mouth opening. Second surgery was indicated due to recurrence. Management of young patients with congenital maxillomandibular fusion is challenging. The scarcity of cases makes formulating practice guidelines very difficult. If surgery is performed, the importance of postoperative physical therapy cannot be overstated. The goal of this article is to emphasize the risk of recurrence in ZMM fusion after surgical treatment and importance of regular follow-up.
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Registered trials
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