Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38652707›Full record

Observational studyPloS one2024

Identifying areas of Australia with high out-of-hospital cardiac arrest incidence and low bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rates: A retrospective, observational study.

Tan Doan, Stuart Howell, Stephen Ball, Judith Finn, Peter Cameron, Emma Bosley, Bridget Dicker, Steven Faddy, Ziad Nehme, Natalie Heriot and 10 more

Erratum issuedAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Ambulance Delay Zones and AED Placement in a Southern Brazilian City.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Tan DoanQueensland Ambulance Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Stuart HowellSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8158-3273
Stephen BallPrehospital, Resuscitation and Emergency Care Research Unit (PRECRU), Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia.
Judith FinnSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Peter CameronSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1443-557X
Emma BosleyQueensland Ambulance Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Bridget DickerHato Hone St John New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8151-7356
Steven FaddyNSW Ambulance, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Ziad NehmeSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Natalie HeriotAmbulance Victoria, Doncaster, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4189-9433
Andy SwainWellington Free Ambulance, Wellington, New Zealand.
Melanie ThorrowgoodSA Ambulance Service, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Andrew ThomasSt John Ambulance NT, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
Samuel PerilloACT Ambulance, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
Mike McDermottAmbulance Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia.
Tony SmithHato Hone St John New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand.
Karen SmithSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Jason BelcherSt John Western Australia, Belmont, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3316-9043
Janet BraySchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Aus-ROC OHCA Epistry Management Committee

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimThis study aims to explore regional variation and identify regions within Australia with high incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and low rates of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

methodAdult OHCAs of presumed medical aetiology occurring across Australia between 2017 and 2019 were mapped onto local government areas (LGA) using the location of arrest coordinates. Bayesian spatial models were applied to provide "smoothed" estimates of OHCA incidence and bystander CPR rates (for bystander-witnessed OHCAs) for each LGA. For each state and territory, high-risk LGAs were defined as those with an incidence rate greater than the state or territory's 75th percentile and a bystander CPR rate less than the state or territory's 25th percentile.

resultsA total of 62,579 OHCA cases attended by emergency medical services across 543 LGAs nationwide were included in the study. Nationally, the OHCA incidence rate across LGA ranged from 58.5 to 198.3 persons per 100,000, while bystander CPR rates ranged from 45% to 75%. We identified 60 high-risk LGAs, which were predominantly located in the state of New South Wales. Within each region, high-risk LGAs were typically located in regional and remote areas of the country, except for four metropolitan areas-two in Adelaide and two in Perth.

conclusionsWe have identified high-risk LGAs, characterised by high incidence and low bystander CPR rates, which are predominantly in regional and remote areas of Australia. Strategies for reducing OHCA and improving bystander response may be best targeted at these regions.

Indexed as

Cardiopulmonary ResuscitationEmergency Medical ServicesOut-of-Hospital Cardiac ArrestAdultAgedAustraliaFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective Studies

Identifiers

PMID38652707
PMCPMC11037527

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.