ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2024
Single-chain fluorescent integrators for mapping G-protein-coupled receptor agonists.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intracellular protein binders for imaging, control and future therapeutics.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Review
- SENSIT, a Modular Single-Chain Fluorescent Integrator Platform for GPCR Ligands.ACS chemical biology · 2026Article
- SPLICEIT Fluorescent Sensor for Integrating Dopamine Release with Cellular Resolution.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- Protein Engineering for Spatiotemporally Resolved Cellular Monitoring.Annual review of analytical chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.) · 2025Review
- Single-Molecule Insights into GPCR Conformational Landscapes.The Journal of membrane biology · 2025Review
- Principles and Design of Molecular Tools for Sensing and Perturbing Cell Surface Receptor Activity.Chemical reviews · 2025Review
- Neuromodulator and neuropeptide sensors and probes for precise circuit interrogation in vivo.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Review
- Protein-Based Tools for Studying Neuromodulation.ACS chemical biology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) transduce the effects of many neuromodulators including dopamine, serotonin, epinephrine, acetylcholine, and opioids. The localization of synthetic or endogenous GPCR agonists impacts their action on specific neuronal pathways. In this paper, we show a series of single-protein chain integrator sensors that are highly modular and could potentially be used to determine GPCR agonist localization across the brain. We previously engineered integrator sensors for the mu- and kappa-opioid receptor agonists called M- and K-Single-chain Protein-based Opioid Transmission Indicator Tool (SPOTIT), respectively. Here, we engineered red versions of the SPOTIT sensors for multiplexed imaging of GPCR agonists. We also modified SPOTIT to create an integrator sensor design platform called SPOTIT for all GPCRs (SPOTall). We used the SPOTall platform to engineer sensors for the beta 2-adrenergic receptor (B2AR), the dopamine receptor D1, and the cholinergic receptor muscarinic 2 agonists. Finally, we demonstrated the application of M-SPOTIT and B2AR-SPOTall in detecting exogenously administered morphine, isoproterenol, and epinephrine in the mouse brain via locally injected viruses. The SPOTIT and SPOTall sensor design platform has the potential for unbiased agonist detection of many synthetic and endogenous neuromodulators across the brain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.