ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2024
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder combined subtype exacerbates opioid use disorder consequences: Mediation by impulsive phenotypes.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Measurement of Impulsivity and Its Role in Drug Use Behaviours and Related Health, Harm and Treatment Outcomes Among People Who Use Illicit Drugs-A Scoping Review.International journal of mental health and addiction · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly prevalent and associated with opioid use disorder (OUD). Yet, little is known about the mechanisms by which ADHD (which is a heterogeneous construct/diagnosis) might alter the trajectory of OUD outcomes in persons who use heroin.
aimWe examined whether ADHD subtypes are related to heroin-use consequences and the extent to which the effects of ADHD on lifetime heroin-use consequences are mediated by two impulsivity factors that may be partly independent of ADHD: foreshortened time perspective and drug-use impulsivity.
methodsIndividuals who reported regular heroin use (N=250) were screened using the Assessment of Hyperactivity and Attention (AHA), Impulsive Relapse Questionnaire (IRQ), Stanford Time Perception Inventory (STPI), and a comprehensive assessment of lifetime and current substance use and substance-related consequences. This secondary analysis examined whether ADHD or intermediate phenotypes predicted heroin-use consequences.
resultsRelative to participants whose AHA scores indicated lifetime absence of ADHD (n=88), those with scores indicating persistent ADHD (childhood and adult, n=62) endorsed significantly more total lifetime heroin-use consequences despite comparable heroin-use severity. Likewise, there was a significant indirect effect of the combined ADHD subtype in childhood on lifetime heroin-use consequences. This effect was mediated by STPI scores indicating less future (and more hedonism in the present) temporal orientation and by IRQ scores indicating less capacity for delaying drug use.
conclusionThe combined ADHD subtype is significantly associated with lifetime heroin-use consequences, and this effect is mediated through higher drug-use impulsivity (less capacity for delay) and lower future temporal orientation.
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