ArticleJournal of ophthalmic & vision research
Polymeric Propranolol Nanoparticles for Intraocular Delivery: Formulation, Characterization, and Vitreous Pharmacokinetics.
Article in Journal of ophthalmic & vision research. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ex Vivo Evaluation of Poly(Solketal Acrylate) Nanoparticles for Intravitreal Drug Delivery to the Posterior Eye Segment.Macromolecular rapid communications · 2026Article
- Nanocarrier-Based Ocular Drug Delivery Systems for Retinal Diseases: Therapeutic Potential.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Formulation Development andCurrent drug delivery · 2026Article
- Advances in nanomedicine-based retinal drug delivery: mechanisms and translational applications.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Bioadhesive Eudragit RLPharmaceutics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Recent studies have reported the promising effect of intravitreal propranolol on retinal neovascularization. However, rapid clearance and short half-life of the drug in the vitreous are the main drawbacks of this therapeutic approach. This study investigates the extension of the residence time of propranolol in the vitreous by polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) with the prospect of improving choroidal neovascularization treatment. Methods: The poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) NPs were fabricated by a modified double emulsion solvent evaporation method and the obtained NPs were characterized for their size, poly dispersity index (PDI), and surface image. The Results: The spherical NPs with about 230 nm size, and almost 10% drug loading were obtained. Based on the 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2, 5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) outcomes, 30 µg/ml of propranolol was considered as the guide dosage in the intravitreal injection. Confocal microscopy images verified the presence of labeled NPs in the posterior segment after five days of receiving the injection. Conclusion: PLGA NPs can prolong the existence of propranolol in both vitreous and posterior ocular tissues, and thus, may provide an effective approach in treatment of posterior segment neovascularization.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.