ArticleMolecular biology reports2024
Silymarin and MSC-exosomes ameliorate thioacetamide-evoked renal fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β/SMAD pathway in rats.
Article in Molecular biology reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- The dual role of exosomes in renal fibrosis and their potential for clinical translational applications.Renal failure · 2026Review
- Ameliorative Effects of Silymarin on Ovarian Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Pathways.Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 2026Article
- The role of mesenchymal stem cells in IgA nephropathy: current evidence and future directions.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- Visnagin attenuates thioacetamide-induced kidney damage through suppression of renal injury marker, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and TGF-β-mediated renal fibrosis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Camphor alleviates renal fibrosis by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation, up-regulating SIRT1 and down-regulating NF-κB and TGF-β.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Umbilical Cord MSC-Derived Exosomes in a Severe Dry Eye Rat Model: Enhancing Corneal Protection and Modulating Inflammation.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- M2 macrophage-derived exosomes reverse TGF-β1-induced epithelial mesenchymal transformation in BEAS-2B cells via the TGF-βRI/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTGF-β1 and SMAD3 are particularly pathogenic in the progression of renal fibrosis.
aimThis study aimed to evaluate the kidney protective potentials of silymarin (SM) and exosomes of mesenchymal stem cells against the nephrotoxin thioacetamide (TAA) in rats.
methods32 female rats were randomly assigned into four groups: the control group, the TAA group, the TAA + SM group, and the TAA + Exosomes group. The kidney homogenates from all groups were examined for expression levels of TGF-β receptors I and II using real-time PCR, expression levels of collagen type I and CTGF proteins using ELISA, and the expression levels of nuclear SMAD2/3/4, cytoplasmic SMAD2/3, and cytoplasmic SMAD4 proteins using the western blot technique.
resultsCompared to the control group, the injection of TAA resulted in a significant increase in serum levels of urea and creatinine, gene expression levels of TβRI and TβRII, protein expression levels of both collagen I and CTGF proteins, cytoplasmic SMAD2/3 complex, and nuclear SMAD2/3/4 (p-value < 0.0001), with significantly decreased levels of the co-SMAD partner, SMAD4 (p-value < 0.0001). Those effects were reversed considerably in both treatment groups, with the superiority of the exosomal treatment regarding the SMAD proteins and the expression levels of the TβRI gene, collagen I, and CTGF proteins returning to near-control values (p-value > 0.05).
conclusionUsing in vitro and in vivo experimental approaches, the research discovered a reno-protective role of silymarin and exosomes of BM-MSCs after thioacetamide-induced renal fibrosis in rats, with the advantage of exosomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.