Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38637343›Full record

ArticlePediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2024

Impact of childhood nephrotic syndrome on obesity and growth: a prospective cohort study.

Cal H Robinson, Nowrin Aman, Tonny Banh, Josefina Brooke, Rahul Chanchlani, Vaneet Dhillon, Valerie Langlois, Leo Levin, Christoph Licht, Ashlene McKay and 8 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Cal H RobinsonDivision of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-2223-0646
Nowrin AmanChild Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Tonny BanhChild Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Josefina BrookeDivision of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Rahul ChanchlaniDivision of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Vaneet DhillonDivision of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Valerie LangloisDivision of Nephrology, Department of Paediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Leo LevinDivision of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Christoph LichtDivision of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Ashlene McKayDivision of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Damien NooneDivision of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Alisha ParikhChild Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Rachel PearlDivision of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Seetha RadhakrishnanDivision of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Veronique RowleyChild Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Chia Wei TeohDivision of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Jovanka Vasilevska-RistovskaChild Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Rulan S ParekhDivision of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. rulan.parekh@wchospital.ca.
University of Toronto · CAHospital for Sick Children · CAMcMaster Children's Hospital · CAMontreal Children's Hospital · CA

Funding

Canada Research Chairs programCure Glomerulopathy consortium Career Development Fellowship programHospital for Sick Children Research InstitutePhysicians Services Incorporated (PSI) Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChildren with nephrotic syndrome are at risk of obesity and growth impairment from repeated steroid treatment. However, incidence and risk factors for obesity and short stature remain uncertain, which is a barrier to preventative care. Our aim was to determine risk, timing, and predictors of obesity and short stature among children with nephrotic syndrome.

methodsWe evaluated obesity and longitudinal growth among children (1-18 years) enrolled in Insight into Nephrotic Syndrome: Investigating Genes, Health, and Therapeutics. We included children with nephrotic syndrome diagnosed between 1996-2019 from the Greater Toronto Area, Canada, excluding congenital or secondary nephrotic syndrome. Primary outcomes were obesity (body mass index Z-score ≥  + 2) and short stature (height Z-score ≤ -2). We evaluated prevalence of obesity and short stature at enrolment (< 1-year from diagnosis) and incidence during follow-up. Cox proportional hazards models determined the association between nephrotic syndrome classification and new-onset obesity and short stature.

resultsWe included 531 children with nephrotic syndrome (30% frequently relapsing by 1-year). At enrolment, obesity prevalence was 23.5%, 51.8% were overweight, and 4.9% had short stature. Cumulative incidence of new-onset obesity and short stature over median 4.1-year follow-up was 17.7% and 3.3% respectively. Children with frequently relapsing or steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome within 1-year of diagnosis were at increased risk of new-onset short stature (unadjusted hazard ratio 3.99, 95%CI 1.26-12.62) but not obesity (adjusted hazard ratio 1.56, 95%CI 0.95-2.56). Children with ≥ 7 and ≥ 15 total relapses were more likely to develop obesity and short stature, respectively.

conclusionsObesity is common among children with nephrotic syndrome early after diagnosis. Although short stature was uncommon overall, children with frequently relapsing or steroid dependent disease are at increased risk of developing short stature. Effective relapse prevention may reduce steroid toxicity and the risk of developing obesity or short stature.

Indexed as

Nephrotic SyndromePediatric ObesityAdolescentBody HeightBody Mass IndexChildChild, PreschoolFemaleGrowth DisordersHumansIncidenceInfantMaleOntarioPrevalenceProspective StudiesChildhoodGrowthNephrotic syndromeObesityPediatricShort stature

Identifiers

PMID38637343
OpenAlexW4394912723

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.