ReviewThe Lancet. Global health2024
Facilitating the development of urgently required combination vaccines.
Review in The Lancet. Global health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Burden of Shigella among children with diarrhea in the Americas: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Global disparities in regulatory approval of prophylactic vaccines, 2005-2024.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Estimating the Value of Combination Vaccines: A Methodological Framework.PharmacoEconomics · 2026Review
- Global vaccine development.Nature medicine · 2026Review
- Combination Vaccines in Routine Childhood Immunization Programs - Worldwide, 2024.China CDC weekly · 2026Article
- Country-level perspectives and priorities to guide the development of Invasive non-Typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) vaccines: Insights from seven countries.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Preclinical evaluation of multivalent vaccine combinations againstFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Development of an 8-valentFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A viral-vectored multipathogen vaccine platform based on replication-competent vaccinia virus and adeno-associated virus.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Non-typhoidal Salmonella combination vaccines: clinical development plan and regulatory considerations.Vaccine · 2025Review
- Overview of vaccines for adults authorized, recommended, and implemented in the European Union.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Intranasal delivery of mRNA expressing newly identified Acinetobacter baumannii antigens protects against bacterial lung disease.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- A Randomized Phase 1 Clinical Trial of a Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Metapneumovirus Combination Protein-Based Virus-like Particle Vaccine in Adults 60-75 Years of Age.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Review
- Nanolipoprotein particle (NLP) vaccine confers protection againstFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Timeliness of 24 childhood immunisations and evolution of vaccination delay: Analysis of data from 54 low- and middle-income countries.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The essence of a vaccine lies in its ability to elicit a set of immune responses specifically directed at a particular pathogen. Accordingly, vaccines were historically designed, developed, registered, recommended, procured, and administered as monopathogen formulations. Nonetheless, the control and elimination of an astonishing number of diseases was realised only after several once-separate vaccines were provided as combinations. Unfortunately, the current superabundance of recommended and pipeline vaccines is now at odds with the number of acceptable vaccine administrations and feasible health-care visits for vaccine recipients and health-care providers. Yet, few new combinations are in development because, in addition to the scientific and manufacturing hurdles intrinsic to coformulation, developers face a gauntlet of regulatory, policy, and commercialisation obstacles in a milieu still largely designed for monopathogen vaccines. We argue here that national policy makers and public health agencies should prospectively identify and advocate for the development of new multipathogen combination vaccines, and suggest ways to accelerate the regulatory pathways to licensure of combinations and other concrete, innovative steps to mitigate current obstacles.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.