Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38634320›Full record

ArticleBJPsych open2024

Exploring the co-occurrence of depression, anxiety and insomnia symptoms, diagnoses and treatments in primary care: observational study using UK primary care data.

Danielle Nimmons, Juan Carlos Bazo-Alvarez, Christina Avgerinou, Joseph Hayes, David Osborn, Claudia Cooper, Irene Petersen, Kate Walters

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BJPsych open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Danielle NimmonsResearch Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1239-3417
Juan Carlos Bazo-AlvarezResearch Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, UK.
Christina AvgerinouResearch Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, UK.
Joseph HayesDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2286-3862
David OsbornDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2519-1539
Claudia CooperCentre of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2777-7616
Irene PetersenResearch Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0037-7524
Kate WaltersResearch Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDepression, anxiety and insomnia often co-occur. However, there is a lack of research regarding how they cluster and how this is related to medication used to treat them.

aimsTo describe the frequencies and associations between depression, anxiety and insomnia, and treatment for these conditions in primary care.

methodA retrospective cohort study using UK electronic primary care records. We included individuals aged between 18 and 99 years old with one or more records suggesting they had a diagnosis, symptom or drug treatment for anxiety, depression or insomnia between 2015 and 2017. We report the conditional probabilities of having different combinations of diagnoses, symptoms and treatments recorded.

resultsThere were 1 325 960 records indicative of depression, anxiety or insomnia, for 739 834 individuals. Depression was the most common condition (

conclusionsThe conditional probabilities of co-occurring anxiety, depression and insomnia symptoms, diagnoses and treatments are high.

Indexed as

anti-anxiety drugsantidepressantsAnxiety or fear-related disordersdepressive disordersprimary care

Identifiers

PMID38634320
PMCPMC11060065

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.