Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38633069›Full record

ArticleBiomedical optics express2024

Low-cost 3D printed lenses for brightfield and fluorescence microscopy.

Jay Christopher, Liam M Rooney, Mark Donnachie, Deepak Uttamchandani, Gail McConnell, Ralf Bauer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomedical optics express, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Mesolens imaging in microbiology.Essays in biochemistry · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jay ChristopherDepartment of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0707-8947
Liam M RooneyStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
Mark DonnachieDepartment of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
Deepak UttamchandaniDepartment of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
Gail McConnellStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7213-0686
Ralf BauerDepartment of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7927-9435

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We present the fabrication and implementation of low-cost optical quality 3D printed lenses, and their application as microscope objectives with different prescriptions. The imaging performance of the 3D printed lenses was benchmarked against commercially available optics including a 20 mm focal length 12.7 mm diameter NBK-7 plano-convex lens used as a low magnification objective, and a separate high magnification objective featuring three 6 mm diameter NBK-7 lenses with different positive and negative focal lengths. We describe the design and manufacturing processes to produce high-quality 3D printed lenses. We tested their surface quality using a stylus profilometer, showing that they conform to that of commercial glass counterpart lenses. The 3D printed lenses were used as microscope objectives in both brightfield and epi-fluorescence imaging of specimens including onion, cyanobacteria, and variegated

Identifiers

PMID38633069
PMCPMC11019669

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.