ArticleBMC public health2024
Association of hypertension and depression with mortality: an exploratory study with interaction and mediation models.
Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- A nationwide analysis of mortality trends due to hypertensive heart disease with co-existing behavioral and mental disorders (1999-2020).Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Article
- Stress, Anxiety, and Self-Efficacy in Hypertension: Evidence from a Romanian Case-Control Study.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression Among Elderly Hypertensive Patients in Vietnam.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Health-related quality of life among adults with hypertension with or without anxiety and depression: estimates from a national US data.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2025Article
- Predicting depression risk in middle-aged and elderly adults in China using CNN-BiLSTM-Attention mechanism and LSTM+SHAP framework.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Article
- Seeking support: insights into women's mental health help-seeking behavior in Bangladesh.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025Article
- Weight-adjusted waist circumference index and chronic diseases as predictors of depression risk in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study with mediation analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Dietary Iron Intake and Mental and Behavioral Disorders Due to Use of Tobacco: A UK Biobank Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe association of hypertension and depression with mortality has not been fully understood. We aimed to explore the possible independent or joint association of hypertension and depression with mortality. Their interaction effects on mortality and possible mediating role were also investigated.
methodsAssociations of hypertension, depression, and their interaction with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality were evaluated using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models. The mediation analysis was conducted with a Sobel test.
resultsA total of 35152 participants were included in the final analysis. Hypertension and depression were independently associated with increased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. The co-existence of hypertension and depression resulted in a 1.7-fold [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3-2.1] increase in all-cause mortality and a 2.3-fold (95% CI: 1.4-3.7) increase in CVD mortality compared to those with neither of them. Hypertension and depression showed no significant multiplicative (P for interaction, 0.587) and additive interaction (P for relative excess risk of interaction, 0.243; P for Interaction on additive scale, 0.654) on all-cause mortality, as well as on CVD mortality. Depression did not mediate the relationship between hypertension and all-cause (Z=1.704, P=0.088) and CVD mortality (Z=1.547, P=0.122). Hypertension did not mediate the relationship between all-cause and CVD mortality as well.
conclusionHypertension and depression were related to all-cause and CVD mortality independently and the co-existence of them increased the risk of mortality. However, there is no interaction effect of them on mortality, and hypertension or depression did not mediate the association of each other with mortality.
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