ArticlePloS one2024
Trends in pediatric prescription-opioid overdoses in U.S. emergency departments from 2008-2020: An epidemiologic study of pediatric opioid overdose ED visits.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05673551 (A Randomized Clinical Trial of Smartphone Virtual Reality for Pain Management During Burn Care Transition), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized Clinical Trial of Smartphone Virtual Reality for Pain Management During Burn Care Transition
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Examining Pediatric Emergency Utilization Trends Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Eight-Year Cohort Study from a South Korean Tertiary Center.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Patterns and Emerging Trends in Acute Poisoning with Substances of Abuse Used for Recreational Purposes in Adolescents: A Six-Year Multicentre Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Breaking the Stigma: Integrating Substance Use Disorder Treatment into Primary Care.Missouri medicineArticle
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOpioid overdose was declared a public health emergency in the United States, but much of the focus has been on adults. Child and adolescent exposure and access to unused prescription-opioid medications is a big concern. More research is needed on the trend of pediatric (age 0-17) prescription-opioid overdose emergency department (ED) visits in the United States, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic year.
methodsThis retrospective epidemiological study used the 2008-2020 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample to provide a national estimate of ED visits related to prescription-opioid overdose. Inclusion criteria were 0-17-year-old patients treated at the ED due to prescription-opioid overdose. Eligible visits were identified if their medical records included any administrative billing codes for prescription-opioid overdose. National estimates were broken down by age groups, sex, geographic region, primary payer, median household income by zip code, ED disposition, and hospital location/teaching status. Incidence rate per 100,000 U.S. children was calculated for age groups, sex, and geographic region.
resultsOverall, the prescription-opioid overdose ED visits for patients from 0-17 years old in the United States decreased by 22% from 2008 to 2019, then increased by 12% in 2020. Most patients were discharged to home following their ED visit; however, there was a 42% increase in patients admitted from 2019 to 2020. The prescription-opioid overdose rate per 100,000 U.S. children was highest in the 0 to 1 and 12 to 17 age groups, with the 12 to 17 group increasing by 27% in 2020. ED visits in the West and Midwest saw prescription-opioid visits increase by 58% and 20%, respectively, from 2019-2020.
conclusionsPrescription-opioid overdose ED visits among U.S. children and adolescents decreased over the past decade until 2019. However, there was a substantial increase in ED visits from 2019 to 2020, suggesting the potential impact due to the then-emerging COVID-19 pandemic. Findings suggest focusing on young children and adolescents to reduce further prescription-opioid overdoses in the United States.
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