ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2025
Cost-effectiveness of 4CMenB Vaccination Against Gonorrhea: Importance of Dosing Schedule, Vaccine Sentiment, Targeting Strategy, and Duration of Protection.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms, management and prevention of anorectal sexually transmitted infections.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Potential Use of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B Vaccines to Prevent Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infection: Epidemiological Considerations.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Review
- Effectiveness of the four-component protein-based meningococcal vaccine againstCanada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2025Article
- Modeling gonorrhea vaccination to find optimal targeting strategies that balance impact with cost-effectiveness.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- New Insights into Gonorrhea Natural History and Protection by 4CMenB, and a Call for More Analyses of Existing Studies and Enhanced Data Collection.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Beyond behavioural change: prioritising structural solutions to control bacterial sexually transmitted infections.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Review
- Potential public health impacts of gonorrhea vaccination programmes under declining incidences: A modeling study.PLoS medicine · 2025Article
- The Role of Emergency and Primary Care in Combating the Rise of Gonorrhea: Another Purview Paradox?Journal of primary care & community healthArticle
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundObservational evidence suggests the 4CMenB meningococcal vaccine may partially protect against gonorrhea, with 1 dose being two-thirds as protective as 2 doses. We examined the cost-effectiveness of vaccinating men who have sex with men (MSM) in England, with 1- or 2-dose primary vaccination.
methodsIntegrated transmission-dynamic health-economic modeling explored the effects of targeting strategy, first- and second-dose uptake levels, and duration of vaccine protection, using observational estimates of vaccine protection.
resultsVaccination with 1 or 2 primary doses is always cost-saving, irrespective of uptake, although vaccine sentiment is an important determinant of impact and cost-effectiveness. The most impactful and cost-effective targeting is offering "vaccination according to risk" (VaR), to all patients with gonorrhea plus those reporting high numbers of sexual partners. If VaR is not feasible to implement then the more restrictive strategy of "vaccination on diagnosis" (VoD) with gonorrhea is cost-effective, but much less impactful. Under conservative assumptions, VaR (2-dose) saves £7.62M (95% credible interval [CrI], 1.15-17.52) and gains 81.41 (95% CrI, 28.67-164.23) quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) over 10 years; VoD (2-dose) saves £3.40M (95% CrI, .48-7.71) and gains 41.26 (95% CrI, 17.52-78.25) QALYs versus no vaccination. Optimistic versus pessimistic vaccine-sentiment assumptions increase net benefits by approximately 30% (VoD) or approximately 60% (VaR).
conclusionsAt UK costs, targeted 4CMenB vaccination of MSM gains QALYs and is cost-saving at any uptake level. Promoting uptake maximizes benefits and is an important role for behavioral science.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.