ArticleLeukemia2024
Autophagy degrades immunogenic endogenous retroelements induced by 5-azacytidine in acute myeloid leukemia.
Article in Leukemia, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- The therapeutic potential of transposable element activity modulation.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Azacytidine restores T cell function in AML by modulating DNA methylation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Pharmacological Modulation of Autophagy Can Sensitize Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cell Lines to Dexamethasone.Cancers · 2026Article
- 5-mC RNA methylation: a key regulator in cancer development and treatment.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- ZBP1 as a dynamic monitor of viral replication: implications for therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Targeting autophagy to enhance cancer immunotherapy: emerging mechanisms and strategies.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Review
- DNA-encoded library screening uncovers potent DNMT2 inhibitors targeting a cryptic allosteric binding site.iScience · 2025Article
- Expression of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1A1 in Relapse-Associated Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.Cells · 2025Review
- Combination Therapy Approaches to Enhance the Efficacy of ERV-Targeting Vaccines in Cancer.Cancer immunology research · 2025Review
- Interferons and Cytokines Induce Transcriptional Activation of the Long-Interspersed Element-1 in Myeloid Cells from Autoimmune Patients.European journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Endogenous retroelements in hematological malignancies: From epigenetic dysregulation to therapeutic targeting.American journal of hematology · 2025Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The hypomethylating agent 5-azacytidine (AZA) is the first-line treatment for AML patients unfit for intensive chemotherapy. The effect of AZA results in part from T-cell cytotoxic responses against MHC-I-associated peptides (MAPs) deriving from hypermethylated genomic regions such as cancer-testis antigens (CTAs), or endogenous retroelements (EREs). However, evidence supporting higher ERE MAPs presentation after AZA treatment is lacking. Therefore, using proteogenomics, we examined the impact of AZA on the repertoire of MAPs and their source transcripts. AZA-treated AML upregulated both CTA and ERE transcripts, but only CTA MAPs were presented at greater levels. Upregulated ERE transcripts triggered innate immune responses against double-stranded RNAs but were degraded by autophagy, and not processed into MAPs. Autophagy resulted from the formation of protein aggregates caused by AZA-dependent inhibition of DNMT2. Autophagy inhibition had an additive effect with AZA on AML cell proliferation and survival, increased ERE levels, increased pro-inflammatory responses, and generated immunogenic tumor-specific ERE-derived MAPs. Finally, autophagy was associated with a lower abundance of CD8
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.