ReviewThe Egyptian journal of medical human genetics2020
Low iron mitigates viral survival: insights from evolution, genetics, and pandemics-a review of current hypothesis.
Review in The Egyptian journal of medical human genetics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting the initiator to activate both ferroptosis and cuproptosis for breast cancer treatment: progress and possibility for clinical application.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Review
- Deferoxamine has the Potential to Improve the COVID-19-Related Inflammatory Response in Diabetic Patients.International journal of peptide research and therapeutics · 2023Review
- Iron Dyshomeostasis in COVID-19: Biomarkers Reveal a Functional Link to 5-Lipoxygenase Activation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Iron Overload and Breast Cancer: Iron Chelation as a Potential Therapeutic Approach.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The detrimental impact of elevated Ferritin to Iron ratio on in-hospital prognosis of patients with COVID-19.Expert review of molecular diagnostics · 2022Article
- Low transferrin levels predict heightened inflammation in patients with COVID-19: New insights.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2022Article
- COVID-19, Cation Dysmetabolism, Sialic Acid, CD147, ACE2, Viroporins, Hepcidin and Ferroptosis: A Possible Unifying Hypothesis.F1000Research · 2022Review
- Successful endovascular mechanical thrombectomy in anticoagulation-resistant COVID-19 associated cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.BMJ case reports · 2021Article
- Contemporary approach to understand and manage COVID-19-related arrhythmia.The Egyptian heart journal : (EHJ) : official bulletin of the Egyptian Society of Cardiology · 2021Review
- Shedding light on vitamin D: the shared mechanistic and pathophysiological role between hypovitaminosis D and COVID-19 risk factors and complications.Inflammopharmacology · 2021Review
- Association of iron deficiency anaemia with the hospitalization and mortality rate of patients with COVID‑19.Medicine internationalArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Upon re-examination of our human history, evolutionary perspectives, and genetics, a prevailing iron deficiency phenotype appears to have evolved to protect the human race from extinction. Body: In this review, we summarize the evolutionary and genetic perspectives pointing towards the hypothesis that low iron mitigates infection. The presence of infection promotes the generation of resistance alleles, and there are some evolutionary and genetic clues that suggest the presence of an iron deficiency phenotype that may have developed to protect against infection. Examples include the relative paucity of iron overload genes given the essential role of iron, as well as the persistence of iron deficiency among populations in spite of public health efforts to treat it. Additional examination of geographic areas with severe iron deficiency in the setting of pandemics including H1N1, SARS, and COVID-19 reveals that areas with higher prevalence of iron deficiency are less affected. RNA viruses have several evolutionary adaptations which suggest their absolute need for iron, and this dependency may be exploited during treatment. Conclusion: RNA viruses pose a unique challenge to modern healthcare, with an average of 2-3 new pathogens being discovered yearly. Their overarching requirements for iron, along with human evolutionary and genetic adaptations which favored an iron deficiency phenotype, ultimately suggest the potential need for iron control in these infections.
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