Superficial Intramuscular Gluteal Lipograft by Doppler Ultrasound: A Report of 24 Patients.

Background: Gluteal fat grafting is a common procedure in liposculpture. This study proposes a Doppler ultrasound-guided intramuscular and subcutaneous gluteal lipotransfer technique that allows for visualization of the location of the gluteal vessels, avoiding approaching them during lipotransfer by having the cannula localized during fat infiltration. Methods: This new technique was applied to 24 women after obtaining informed consent and providing them with a clear explanation of potential risks and complications. Doppler ultrasound was used to locate the site and depth of blood vessels, and for quadrant scanning of vessels and superficial intramuscular visualization of the cannula's location. Intramuscular lipotransfer was performed with a volume of 400 mL per gluteus (or less), and 12 patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging before and 3 months after surgery. Results: This technique allowed for visualizing the location of the gluteal vessels, and infiltration could be easily performed in patients. In the 24 glutei reviewed postsurgery, from 12 patients who underwent pre- and postsurgery magnetic resonance imaging, intramuscular fat was found; however, there was no migration outside the gluteus maximus muscle. Conclusions: No local or systemic complications were observed. The results of our report show that fat filtration did not migrate outside the gluteus maximus muscle. This finding seeks to promote new research to create theoretical/practical precedents for the intervention of plastic surgeons and, from there, promote the standardization of a new and safe technique.