ReviewNPJ science of learning2024
An update on recent advances in targeted memory reactivation during sleep.
Review in NPJ science of learning, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Olfactory Learning Context Reactivation During Sleep on Training Success in a Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Sensorimotor Rhythm Neurofeedback Protocol: A Pilot Study.Psychophysiology · 2025Trial
- Memory Impairments: Type, Causes, and Molecular Players-Memory Dysfunction Across Neurologic Insults.Cells · 2026Review
- Memory reactivation during sleep promotes structure abstraction.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Mindful Embodied Movement: Study Protocol for a 12-Week Modern Dance-Mindfulness Intervention and Mixed-Methods Randomized Controlled Trial in Recreational Adult Dancers.Methods and protocols · 2026Article
- Wakeful targeted memory reactivation during short rest periods modulates early motor learning.NPJ science of learning · 2026Article
- Covariance-based analysis of spindle-band EEG during declarative and non-declarative odor cueing in sleep.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Promoting vocabulary learning during sleep at home using closed-loop targeted memory reactivation.Journal of sleep research · 2025Article
- Investigating dreams by strategically presenting sounds during REM sleep to reactivate waking experiences.Neuropsychologia · 2025Article
- Personalized targeted memory reactivation enhances consolidation of challenging memories via slow wave and spindle dynamics.NPJ science of learning · 2025Article
- Memory reactivation during rest forms shortcuts in a cognitive map.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Music-evoked reactivation during continuous perception is associated with enhanced subsequent recall of naturalistic events.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Targeted memory reactivation during REM sleep may selectively enhance the late positive potential amplitude in previously encountered negative images: preliminary findings.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2025Article
- Sleep selectively and durably enhances memory for the sequence of real-world experiences.Nature human behaviour · 2025Article
- Both slow wave and rapid eye movement sleep contribute to emotional memory consolidation.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Musical harmony is processed during sleep: a proof-of-concept study.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2025Article
- Sleep and Selective Memory Consolidation in Infants: Exploring the Impact of Learning Contexts.Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant StudiesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Targeted Memory Reactivation (TMR) is a noninvasive tool to manipulate memory consolidation during sleep. TMR builds on the brain's natural processes of memory reactivation during sleep and aims to facilitate or bias these processes in a certain direction. The basis of this technique is the association of learning content with sensory cues, such as odors or sounds, that are presented during subsequent sleep to promote memory reactivation. Research on TMR has drastically increased over the last decade with rapid developments. The aim of the present review is to highlight the most recent advances of this research. We focus on effects of TMR on the strengthening of memories in the declarative, procedural and emotional memory domain as well as on ways in which TMR can be used to promote forgetting. We then discuss advanced technical approaches to determine the optimal timing of TMR within the ongoing oscillatory activity of the sleeping brain as well as the specificity of TMR for certain memory contents. We further highlight the specific effects of TMR during REM sleep and in influencing dream content. Finally, we discuss recent evidence for potential applications of TMR for mental health, educational purposes and in the home setting. In conclusion, the last years of research have provided substantial advances in TMR that can guide future endeavors in research and application.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.