ArticleThe British journal of ophthalmology2024
Social history and glaucoma progression: the effect of body mass index, tobacco and alcohol consumption on the rates of structural change in patients with glaucoma.
Article in The British journal of ophthalmology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between systemic conditions and the development of glaucoma in a longitudinal large-scale health examination cohort.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Obesity and Eye Diseases.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Accelerated Epigenetic Aging Is Associated with Faster Glaucoma Progression: A DNA Methylation Study.Ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Low Body Mass Index Poses Greater Risk of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in African Ancestry Individuals.American journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsAlthough obesity, tobacco and alcohol consumption were linked to the progression of numerous chronic diseases, an association of these social history aspects with glaucoma progression is not yet determined. This study aims to investigate the effect of body mass index (BMI) and history of tobacco and alcohol use on the rates of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) change over time in glaucoma patients.
methods2839 eyes of 1584 patients with glaucoma from the Duke Ophthalmic Registry were included. Patients had at least two spectral-domain optical coherency tomography (SD-OCT) tests over a minimum 6-month follow-up. Self-reported history of alcohol and tobacco consumption was extracted from electronic health records and mean BMI was calculated. Univariable and multivariable linear mixed models were used to determine the effect of each parameter on RNFL change over time.
resultsMean follow-up time was 4.7±2.1 years, with 5.1±2.2 SD-OCT tests per eye. 43% and 54% of eyes had tobacco or alcohol consumption history, respectively, and 34% were classified as obese. Higher BMI had a protective effect on glaucoma progression (0.014 µm/year slower per each 1 kg/m
conclusionsIn a large clinical population with glaucoma, habits of tobacco and alcohol consumption showed no significant effect on the rates of RNFL change. Higher BMI was significantly associated with slower rates of RNFL loss.
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