Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38620670›Full record

ArticleRevista de psiquiatria y salud mental

The assessment of lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic using a multidimensional scale.

Vicent Balanzá-Martínez, Flavio Kapczinski, Taiane de Azevedo Cardoso, Beatriz Atienza-Carbonell, Adriane R Rosa, Jurema C Mota, Raquel B De Boni

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Revista de psiquiatria y salud mental. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
78citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

78 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. The Impact of Lockdowns on Caffeine Consumption: A Systematic Review of the Evidence.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
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  13. Lung function predicts mortality in people with serious mental illness: A 6-year follow-up study.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025
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18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Vicent Balanzá-MartínezTeaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Flavio KapczinskiDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Taiane de Azevedo CardosoDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Beatriz Atienza-CarbonellSchool of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain, Valencia, Spain.
Adriane R RosaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Basic Health Science Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Jurema C MotaFundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Informação Cientifica e Tecnológica em Saúde (ICICT), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Raquel B De BoniFundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Informação Cientifica e Tecnológica em Saúde (ICICT), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Healthy lifestyles are relevant to several diseases and to maintain individuals' mental health. Exposure to epidemics and confinement have been consistently associated with psychological consequences, but changes on lifestyle behaviours remain under-researched. Materials and Methods: An online survey was conducted among the general population living in Spain during the COVID-19 home-isolation. In addition to demographic and clinical data, participants self-reported changes in seven lifestyle domains. The Short Multidimensional Inventory Lifestyle Evaluation was developed specifically to evaluate changes during the confinement (SMILE-C). Results: A total of 1254 individuals completed the survey over the first week of data collection. The internal consistency of the SMILE-C to assess lifestyles during confinement was shown (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.747). Most participants reported substantial changes on outdoor time (93.6%) and physical activity (70.2%). Moreover, about one third of subjects reported significant changes on stress management, social support, and restorative sleep. Several demographic and clinical factors were associated to lifestyle scores. In the multivariate model, those independently associated with a healthier lifestyle included substantial changes on stress management ( Conclusions: In this study, sizable proportions of participants reported meaningful changes in lifestyle behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. Moreover, the SMILE-C was sensitive to detect these changes and presented good initial psychometric properties. Further follow-up studies should collect relevant data to promote healthy lifestyles in pandemic times.

Indexed as

COVID-19 confinementGeneral populationLifestyleMultidimensional scaleSurvey

Identifiers

PMID38620670
PMCPMC7456305

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.