ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2024
T-cell subsets and cytokines are indicative of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy responses in NSCLC.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy and postoperative acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in thoracic surgery: a multicentre cohort study.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Precision immunotherapy for head and neck cancer: therapeutic combinations, biomarker strategies, and translational challenges.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Bone mineral density as a prognostic marker in patients with non-small cell lung cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy.World journal of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Ki-67 expression stratifies PD-L1-high NSCLC for immune checkpoint inhibitor plus chemotherapy: a real-world biomarker validation.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Expression of PD-L1 in pleural effusion of advanced lung adenocarcinoma and its relationship with DNA ploidy.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Effect of neoadjuvant targeted therapy on the tumor microenvironment in resectable lung adenocarcinoma.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Tumor immune microenvironment analysis in different pathologic responses to neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.Translational lung cancer research · 2025Article
- Article
- Immunotherapy with lymphocytes derived from banked tumor tissue in two refractory NSCLC patients with leptomeningeal metastases: a report of two cases.Translational lung cancer research · 2025Article
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analyses revealing tumor microenvironment remodeling after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.Molecular cancer · 2025Article
- The causal nexus between diverse smoking statuses, potential therapeutic targets, and NSCLC: insights from Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Anti-PD1 therapies induce an early expansion of Ki67Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeNeoadjuvant PD-1 blockade combined with chemotherapy is a promising treatment for resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet the immunological mechanisms contributing to tumor regression and biomarkers corresponding to different pathological responses remain unclear.
methodsUsing dynamic and paired blood samples from NSCLC patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy, we analyzed the frequencies of CD8 + T-cell and Treg subsets and their dynamic changes during neoadjuvant treatment through flow cytometry. Cytokine profiles and function-related gene expression of CD8 + T cells and Tregs were analyzed through flow cytometry and mRNA-seq. Infiltrating T-cell subsets in resected tissues from patients with different pathological responses were analyzed through multiplex immunofluorescence.
resultsForty-two NSCLC patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy were enrolled and then underwent surgical resection and pathological evaluation. Nineteen patients had pCR (45%), 7 patients had MPR (17%), and 16 patients had non-MPR (38%). In patients with pCR, the frequencies of CD137 + CD8 + T cells (P = 0.0475), PD-1 + Ki-67 + CD8 + T cells (P = 0.0261) and Tregs (P = 0.0317) were significantly different from those of non-pCR patients before treatment. pCR patients usually had low frequencies of CD137 + CD8 + T cells, PD-1 + Ki-67 + CD8 + T cells and Tregs, and their AUCs were higher than that of tissue PD-L1 expression. Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy markedly improved CD8 + T-cell proliferation and activation, especially in pCR patients, as the frequencies of CD137 + CD8 + (P = 0.0136) and Ki-67 + CD8 + (P = 0.0391) T cells were significantly increased. The blood levels of cytokines such as IL-2 (P = 0.0391) and CXCL10 (P = 0.0195) were also significantly increased in the pCR group, which is consistent with the high density of activated cytotoxic T cells at the tumor site (P < 0.0001).
conclusionNeoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy drives CD8 + T cells toward a proliferative and active profile. The frequencies of CD137 + CD8 + T cells, PD-1 + Ki-67 + CD8 + T cells and Tregs at baseline might predict the response to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in NSCLC patients. The increase in IL-2 and CXCL10 might reflect the chemotaxis and enrichment of cytotoxic T cells at the tumor site and a better response to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy.
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