ArticlePharmaceutical nanotechnology2025
Optimizing Neuroprotective Nano-structured Lipid Carriers for Transdermal Delivery through Artificial Neural Network.
Article in Pharmaceutical nanotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- MF59-based lipid nanocarriers for paclitaxel delivery: optimization and anticancer evaluation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A Review on the Mechanisms, Applications, and Clinical Trials of Advanced Technologies in the Transdermal Drug Delivery System.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2025Review
- Artificial Intelligence-Driven Innovations in Pharmaceutical Development and Drug Delivery Systems.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Recent Advancements in Nanopharmaceuticals for Novel Drug Delivery Systems.Pharmaceutical nanotechnology · 2025Review
- Preparation andPharmaceutical nanotechnology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDementia associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disorder. AD is a progressive neurodegenerative condition that predominantly impacts the elderly population, although it can also manifest in younger people through the impairment of cognitive functions, such as memory, cognition, and behaviour. Donepezil HCl and Memantine HCl are encapsulated in Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) to prolong systemic circulation and minimize the systemic side effects.
objectiveThis work explores the use of data mining tools to optimize the formulation of NLCs comprising of Donepezil HCl and Memantine HCl for transdermal drug delivery. Neuroprotective drugs and excipients are utilized for protecting the nervous system against damage or degeneration.
methodsThe NLCs were formulated using a high-speed homogenization technique followed by ultrasonication. NLCs were optimized using Box Behnken Design (BBD) in Design Expert Software and artificial neural network (ANN) in IBM SPSS statistics. The independent variables included the ratio of solid lipid to liquid lipid, the percentage of surfactant, and the revolutions per minute (RPM) of the high-speed homogenizer.
resultsThe NLCs that were formulated had a mean particle size ranging from 67.0±0.45 to 142.4±0.52 nm. Both drugs have a %EE range over 75%, and Zeta potential was determined to be - 26±0.36 mV. CryoSEM was used to do the structural study. The permeation study showed the prolonged release of the formulation.
conclusionThe results indicate that NLCs have the potential to be a carrier for transporting medications to deeper layers of the skin and reaching systemic circulation, making them a suitable formulation for the management of Dementia. Both ANN and BBD techniques are effective tools for systematically developing and optimizing NLC formulation.
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