Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38616268›Full record

ReviewPediatric rheumatology online journal2024

Kawasaki disease in Kenya and review of the African literature.

A Migowa, C M Njeru, E Were, T Ngwiri, I Colmegna, C Hitchon, R Scuccimarri

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Pediatric rheumatology online journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Guideline
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

A MigowaDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University Medical College (East Africa), Nairobi, Kenya.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1146-7963
C M NjeruDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University Medical College (East Africa), Nairobi, Kenya.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2417-3120
E WereDepartment of Pediatrics, Gertrude's Children's Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.
T NgwiriDepartment of Pediatrics, Gertrude's Children's Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.
I ColmegnaDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8091-8334
C HitchonSection of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5547-3268
R ScuccimarriDivision of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 boul. Décarie, A04.6306, H4A 3J1, Montreal, QC, Canada. rosie.scuccimarri.med@ssss.gouv.qc.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7491-3318
Aga Khan University Nairobi · KEMcGill University Health Centre · CAUniversity of Manitoba · CA

Funding

Universities Canada CAREG
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundKawasaki disease has been described across the globe, although publications from Africa are limited. To our knowledge, there are no publications on Kawasaki disease from Kenya, which triggered this report.

methodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was undertaken to identify in-patients with a discharge diagnosis of Kawasaki disease, over 2 different 5-year periods, at two pediatric hospitals in Nairobi, Kenya. We reviewed the medical records of all patients and report their clinical findings, diagnostic workup and treatment. In addition, we undertook a detailed review of the literature.

resultsTwenty-three patients with Kawasaki disease were identified, of those 12 (52.2%) had incomplete disease. The mean age was 2.3 years (SD+/-2.2) (range 0.3-10.3) with a male to female ratio of 1:1. The mean duration of fever at diagnosis was 8.3 days (SD+/-4.7) (range 2-20). Oral changes were the most common clinical feature and conjunctivitis the least common. Thrombocytosis at diagnosis was seen in 52% (12/23). Twenty-one patients (91.3%) were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and all except 1 received aspirin. Baseline echocardiograms were performed in 95.7% (22/23) and found to be abnormal in 3 (13.6%). Follow-up data was limited. Our literature review identified 79 publications with documented cases of Kawasaki disease in children from 22 countries across the African continent with a total of 1115 patients including those from this report. Only 153 reported cases, or 13.7%, are from sub-Saharan Africa.

conclusionsThis is the first publication on Kawasaki disease from Kenya and one of the largest reports from sub-Saharan Africa. It is the first to have a complete review of the number of published cases from the African continent. Challenges in the diagnosis and management of Kawasaki disease in many African countries include disease awareness, infectious confounders, access and cost of intravenous immunoglobulin, access to pediatric echocardiography and follow-up. Increasing awareness and health care resources are important for improving outcomes of Kawasaki disease in Africa.

Indexed as

Mucocutaneous Lymph Node SyndromeChildChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansImmunoglobulins, IntravenousInfantKenyaMaleRetrospective StudiesImmunoglobulins, IntravenousAfricaGlobal HealthKawasaki DiseaseKenyaPediatric RheumatologyVasculitis

Identifiers

PMID38616268
PMCPMC11016229
OpenAlexW4394791021

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.