ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2024
Anemia and Iron Supplementation in Relation to Viral Load and Mortality among 70,442 People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Tanzania.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hematological Profile and Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Patients with HIV: A 12-Month Single-Centre Cohort Study.Viruses · 2026Article
- Nutritional Status of Adult People Living with HIV: A Narrative Review.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Iron improves the antiviral activity of NK cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAnemia may be associated with poor clinical outcomes among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLHIV) despite highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). There are concerns that iron supplementation may be unsafe to prevent and treat anemia among PLHIV.
objectiveThe objective of the study was to evaluate the associations of anemia and iron supplementation with mortality and viral load among PLHIV in Tanzania.
methodsWe analyzed data from a cohort of 70,442 nonpregnant adult PLHIV in Tanzania conducted between 2015 and 2019. Regression models evaluated the relationships between anemia severity and iron supplement use with mortality and unsuppressed HIV-1 viral load among all participants and stratified by whether participants were initiating or continuing HAART.
resultsAnemia was associated with an increased risk of mortality and unsuppressed viral load for participants who initiated or continued HAART. Iron supplement use was associated with reduced mortality risk but also had a greater risk of an unsuppressed viral load among participants continuing HAART. There was no association of iron supplement use with mortality, and unsuppressed viral load among PLHIV that were initiating HAART. There was a stronger negative association between iron supplement use and the risk of having an unsuppressed viral load among participants with stage III/IV disease compared with stage I/II disease.
conclusionsAnemia is associated with increased risk of mortality and unsuppressed viral load, but the benefits and safety of iron supplements appear to differ for those initiating compared with continuing ART as well as by HIV disease severity.
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