Mathematical Modeling of Initial Exothermic Behavior and Thixotropic Properties in Nanoclay-Enhanced Cementitious Materials.

In the realm of cementitious materials, integrating nanoclay shows promise in enhancing properties relevant to additive manufacturing. This paper presents a novel mathematical model that combines simple empirical dissolution/nucleation Avrami-like kinetics with a thixotropic kinetics equation. To analyze the initial exothermic peak, two sets of the calculation parameter function are built to describe the exothermic rate as a function of time, following an exponential pattern. This allows for the prediction of the changes in cumulative heat and heat rate during hydration, considering different concentrations of nanoclay. In the rheological aspect, the relationship between shear stress, shear rate, and time is modeled as a combination of exponential dependencies. This enables the prediction of the variations in shear stress with one variable while holding the other constant (either time or shear rate). By integrating these aspects, this model effectively describes both the first exothermal peak and the rheological behavior during cement hydration with the inclusion of nanoclay. Validated against experimental results, these models demonstrate good accuracy (overall below 3% error), reliability, and applicability. The findings offer valuable insights into the thermal and rheological aspects of concrete printing, enabling informed design decisions for both scientific and industrial applications.