ReviewCancers2024
Immunotherapeutic Strategies for the Treatment of Glioblastoma: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives.
Review in Cancers, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- ABCB1 Polymorphisms Influence on Temozolomide Resistance and Overall Survival in Glioblastoma Patients: A Systematic Review of Clinical Evidence.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of vaccination therapy in newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma patients: a meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Unlocking glioblastoma: breakthroughs in molecular mechanisms and next-generation therapies.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Breaking adaptive oncogenic resistance in glioblastoma via targeting the EGFR-STAT3 axis.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint crosstalk between LAG-3 and CD39/CD73 in glioblastoma: dual-pathway regulation of metabolic exhaustion and therapeutic reversal strategies.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2026Review
- Nontoxic Dual-Function Probe for Ratiometric Oxygen Sensing and Cellular Imaging Based on IrACS omega · 2026Article
- Computational design and immunoinformatics validation of a T cell multi-epitope vaccine targeting glioblastoma stem cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Dual-Function Lipid-Based Nanovector Strategy for Glioblastoma Immunotherapy: STING Activation and M1 Microglia Polarization.Drug development research · 2026Review
- Heat up and Destroy: Immunotherapy of "Cold" Tumors Using the Example of Glioblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A machine learning-defined cellular senescence signature systematically enhances prognostication and guides immunotherapy strategies for the treatment of gliomas.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Article
- A characterisation of the immune cells in immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice with orthotopic brain tumors.Clinical & translational immunology · 2026Article
- Reconceptualizing glioblastoma immunotherapy: a four-pillar framework to overcome multidimensional resistance.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Antibody therapies in glioblastoma: Overcoming micro-environmental barriers.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2026Review
- Cell-Surface PCNA Is Co-Expressed with Biomarkers of Stemness and Immunosuppression in Glioblastoma.Cancers · 2025Article
- Combined Tumor Cell and Lysate-Based Vaccines for Immunotherapy of Primary and Recurrent Glioblastoma (GBM).Cancers · 2025Review
- Review
- A Novel Class of Multi-substituted Diaryl Scaffold Derivatives Inhibit Glioblastoma Progression by Targeting CD155.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Review
- Monoclonal Antibodies-Anchored Quantum Dots-Based Delivery Strategies for Glioblastoma Treatment: Challenges and Applications.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2025Review
- Immunotherapy for High-Grade Gliomas.Cancers · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite decades of research and the best up-to-date treatments, grade 4 Glioblastoma (GBM) remains uniformly fatal with a patient median overall survival of less than 2 years. Recent advances in immunotherapy have reignited interest in utilizing immunological approaches to fight cancer. However, current immunotherapies have so far not met the anticipated expectations, achieving modest results in their journey from bench to bedside for the treatment of GBM. Understanding the intrinsic features of GBM is of crucial importance for the development of effective antitumoral strategies to improve patient life expectancy and conditions. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the distinctive characteristics of GBM that significantly influence current conventional therapies and immune-based approaches. Moreover, we present an overview of the immunotherapeutic strategies currently undergoing clinical evaluation for GBM treatment, with a specific emphasis on those advancing to phase 3 clinical studies. These encompass immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive T cell therapies, vaccination strategies (i.e., RNA-, DNA-, and peptide-based vaccines), and virus-based approaches. Finally, we explore novel innovative strategies and future prospects in the field of immunotherapy for GBM.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.