ArticleBMC medicine2024
Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study.
Article in BMC medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global prevalence and incidence of precocious puberty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Estimating direct and indirect genetic effects on emerging variation in depressive symptoms in early adolescence: a trio polygenic score analysis in the MoBa cohort : Author list.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- The reporting and handling of missing data in genetic epidemiological studies of mental health in childhood and adolescence: A systematic review.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Functional brain network correlates of pubertal timing and depressive symptoms in preadolescence.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Genetic insights into the relationship between age at menarche and mental health-related phenotypes.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2026Article
- Menarche onset is an inflection point for mental health and brain development.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Precocious Puberty and Risk of Psychiatric Disorders: A Nationwide Cohort Study Using Prospective Registry Data.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- The association between age at menarche and subsequent risk of chronic pain.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Review
- No causal links between estradiol and female's brain and mental health using Mendelian randomization.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Genome-wide association study of adolescent-onset depression.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Transparency in epidemiological analyses of cohort data a case study of the Norwegian mother, father, and child cohort study (MoBa).BMC medical research methodology · 2025Article
- Central Precocious Puberty and Psychiatric Disorders.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Women's reproductive mental health: currently available evidence and future directions for research, clinical practice and health policy.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2025Article
- The association between age at menarche and depression: a cross-sectional analysis of the TABARI cohort at enrollment phase.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Genetic Insights Into the Relationship Between Menstrual Factors and Site-/Age-Specific Bone Mineral Density.International journal of genomics · 2025Article
- Preliminary comparison of net gain in final adult height of girls with early menarche treated with or without gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist.Translational pediatrics · 2024Article
- Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Are the Previously Reported Risk Factors for Endometriosis Actually Associated With Pain and Infertility Rather Than Endometriosis Itself?Reproductive medicine and biologyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe timing of puberty may have an important impact on adolescent mental health. In particular, earlier age at menarche has been associated with elevated rates of depression in adolescents. Previous research suggests that this relationship may be causal, but replication and an investigation of whether this effect extends to other mental health domains is warranted.
methodsIn this Registered Report, we triangulated evidence from different causal inference methods using a new wave of data (N = 13,398) from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study. We combined multiple regression, one- and two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR), and negative control analyses (using pre-pubertal symptoms as outcomes) to assess the causal links between age at menarche and different domains of adolescent mental health.
resultsOur results supported the hypothesis that earlier age at menarche is associated with elevated depressive symptoms in early adolescence based on multiple regression (β = - 0.11, 95% CI [- 0.12, - 0.09], p
conclusionsWe found evidence that age at menarche affected diagnoses of adolescent depression, but not other domains of mental health. Our findings suggest that earlier age at menarche is linked to problems in specific domains rather than adolescent mental health in general.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.