Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38609901›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2024

The global burden and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in adolescent and young adults, 1990-2019.

Zhuang Tong, Yingying Xie, Kaixiang Li, Ruixia Yuan, Liang Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Zhuang TongClinical Big Data Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
Yingying XieDepartment of Scientific Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
Kaixiang LiClinical Big Data Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
Ruixia YuanClinical Big Data Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China. yuanwhuer@126.com.
Liang ZhangDepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery, Rhe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China. zldoctor2021@126.com.

Funding

Key Research and Promotion Project of Henan Province NO.232400411018the Medical Science and Technology Research Plan Joint Construction Project of Henan Province LHGJ 20230197, LHGJ20230274
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo provide details of the burden and the trend of the cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors in adolescent and young adults.

methodsAge-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence, mortality and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) were used to describe the burden of CVD in adolescents and young adults. Estimated Annual Percentage Changes (EAPCs) of ASRs were used to describe the trend from 1990 to 2019. Risk factors were calculated by Population Attributable Fractions (PAFs).

resultsIn 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) of CVD were 129.85 per 100 000 (95% Confidence interval (CI): 102.60, 160.31), 15.12 per 100 000 (95% CI: 13.89, 16.48) and 990.64 per 100 000 (95% CI: 911.06, 1076.46). The highest ASRs were seen in low sociodemographic index (SDI) and low-middle SDI regions. The burden was heavier in male and individuals aged 35-39. From 1990 to 2019, 72 (35.29%) countries showed an increasing trend of ASIR and more than 80% countries showed a downward trend in ASMR and ASDR. Rheumatic heart disease had the highest ASIR and Ischemic Heart Disease was the highest in both ASMR and ASDR. The main attributable risk factor for death and DALYs were high systolic blood pressure, high body-mass index and high LDL cholesterol.

conclusionsThe burden of CVD in adolescent and young adults is a significant global health challenge. It is crucial to take into account the disparities in SDI levels among countries, gender and age characteristics of the population, primary types of CVD, and the attributable risk factors when formulating and implementing prevention strategies.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesHypercholesterolemiaMyocardial IschemiaAdolescentBody Mass IndexDisability-Adjusted Life YearsHumansMaleRisk FactorsYoung AdultAdolescent and young adultsCardiovascular diseaseDisease burdenRisk factors

Identifiers

PMID38609901
PMCPMC11010320

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.