ReviewInternational journal of bipolar disorders2024
Longitudinal studies of bipolar patients and their families: translating findings to advance individualized risk prediction, treatment and research.
Review in International journal of bipolar disorders, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Could Lithium Be Preserved for the Stabilization of Bipolar Patients?Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Dissecting multimodal predictors of psychosis risk and remission in youth at ultra‑high risk of developing psychosis: An exploratory study.PLOS mental health · 2026Article
- Editorial: Getting diagnosis right in child psychiatry: lessons from the pediatric bipolar disorder era.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Forecasting the course of bipolar disorder using rest-activity rhythms: Protocol for a multi-study modelling project.Wellcome open research · 2025Article
- Lithium-magnetic resonance imaging in bipolar disorder: non-invasive, direct,Psychoradiology · 2025Article
- Virtual reality, social intelligence, mirror neurons, and bipolar spectrum: a new perspective.Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) · 2025Article
- Alexithymia and Bipolar Disorder: Virtual Reality Could Be a Useful Tool for the Treatment and Prevention of These Conditions in People with a Physical Comorbidity.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBipolar disorder is a broad diagnostic construct associated with significant phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity challenging progress in clinical practice and discovery research. Prospective studies of well-characterized patients and their family members have identified lithium responsive (LiR) and lithium non-responsive (LiNR) subtypes that hold promise for advancement.
methodIn this narrative review, relevant observations from published longitudinal studies of well-characterized bipolar patients and their families spanning six decades are highlighted. DSM diagnoses based on SADS-L interviews were decided in blind consensus reviews by expert clinicians. Genetic, neurobiological, and psychosocial factors were investigated in subsets of well-characterized probands and adult relatives. Systematic maintenance trials of lithium, antipsychotics, and lamotrigine were carried out. Clinical profiles that included detailed histories of the clinical course, symptom sets and disorders segregating in families were documented. Offspring of LiR and LiNR families were repeatedly assessed up to 20 years using KSADS-PL format interviews and DSM diagnoses and sub-threshold symptoms were decided by expert clinicians in blind consensus reviews using all available clinical and research data.
resultsA characteristic clinical profile differentiated bipolar patients who responded to lithium stabilization from those who did not. The LiR subtype was characterized by a recurrent fully remitting course predominated by depressive episodes and a positive family history of episodic remitting mood disorders, and not schizophrenia. Response to lithium clustered in families and the characteristic clinical profile predicted lithium response, with the episodic remitting course being a strong correlate. There is accumulating evidence that genetic and neurobiological markers differ between LiR and LiNR subtypes. Further, offspring of bipolar parents subdivided by lithium response differed in developmental history, clinical antecedents and early course of mood disorders. Moreover, the nature of the emergent course bred true from parent to offspring, independent of the nature of emergent psychopathology.
conclusionsBipolar disorders are heterogeneous and response to long-term lithium is associated with a familial subtype with characteristic course, treatment response, family history and likely pathogenesis. Incorporating distinctive clinical profiles that index valid bipolar subtypes into routine practice and research will improve patient outcomes and advance the development and translation of novel treatment targets to improve prevention and early intervention.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.