ReviewThe European respiratory journal2024
The paradox of the safer cigarette: understanding the pulmonary effects of electronic cigarettes.
Review in The European respiratory journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Continuous associations of the brief Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives with transitions between cigarette and e-cigarette use.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- Vaping-related lung disease: a narrative review.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Review
- Temporal Effects of Cigarette Smoke and Phytochemical-Based E-Liquid Aerosols on Tracheo-Alveolar Histopathology and the IL-6/TNF-α Molecular Signaling Axis.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Tobacco smoke but not e-cigarette vapor induces epithelial barrier disruption, inflammation, and DNA damage in human Calu-3 cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Toxicity and Appeal of Flavoured E-Cigarettes and Flavour Ban Outcomes: A Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Review
- Influence of E-Liquids and Oral Commensal Bacteria on the Growth ofDentistry journal · 2026Article
- Urinary Tobacco and Nicotine Exposure Biomarkers as Predictors of Transitions between Cigarette and e-Cigarette Use in the Exhale Longitudinal Cohort Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Observational
- E-cigarette switching in COPD: reduced cardiovascular events without improvement in respiratory outcomes.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Vaping: parallels with cigarette smoking and management approaches in Singapore.Singapore medical journal · 2026Article
- E-cigarette liquids alter the biogenesis and properties ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Warning and informative messages on e-cigarette package leaflets: A Belgian policy case study for public health policymakers.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2026Article
- Transitions in cigarette and ENDS use in the PATH Study: a multistate transition model analysis of adults in 2021-2022 compared to previous years.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Changing patterns of cigarette and ENDS transitions in the USA: a multistate transition analysis of adults in the PATH Study in 2017-2019 vs 2019-2021.Tobacco control · 2025Article
- Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS): Implications for the Clinician.Pulmonary therapy · 2025Review
- Review
- DNA damage response and cell fate decisions across the lifespan: from fetal development to age-related respiratory diseases.Cell & bioscience · 2025Review
- Contemporary Concise Review 2024: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2025Review
- Clinical Impact of Vaping.Toxics · 2025Review
- Impact of nicotine-free and nicotine-rich flavored electronic cigarette refill liquids on primary human melanocyte function.Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- Short-term effects of electronic cigarette smoking on cardiorespiratory parameters, volatile organic compounds and inflammatory markers.ERJ open research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use continues to rise globally. E-cigarettes have been presented as safer alternatives to combustion cigarettes that can mitigate the harm associated with tobacco products; however, the degree to which e-cigarette use itself can lead to morbidity and mortality is not fully defined. Herein we describe how e-cigarettes function; discuss the current knowledge of the effects of e-cigarette aerosol on lung cell cytotoxicity, inflammation, antipathogen immune response, mucociliary clearance, oxidative stress, DNA damage, carcinogenesis, matrix remodelling and airway hyperresponsiveness; and summarise the impact on lung diseases, including COPD, respiratory infection, lung cancer and asthma. We highlight how the inclusion of nicotine or flavouring compounds in e-liquids can impact lung toxicity. Finally, we consider the paradox of the safer cigarette: the toxicities of e-cigarettes that can mitigate their potential to serve as a harm reduction tool in the fight against traditional cigarettes, and we summarise the research needed in this underinvestigated area.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.