ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2024
Replacement of Saturated Fatty Acids from Meat by Dairy Sources in Relation to Incident Cardiovascular Disease: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Norfolk Study.
Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diet and Atherosclerosis Prevention: Rethinking the Significance of "The Japan Diet".Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2026Review
- Fatty Acids and Their Roles in Cardiac Physiology and Pathology: Mechanistic and Interventional Studies.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Substitutions of Saturated Fatty Acids From Different Meats With Dairy and Incident Relationship With Cardiovascular Diseases: The UK Biobank Prospective Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Dietary Patterns Influence Chronic Disease Risk and Health Outcomes in Older Adults: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Cultured Meat Reformulation: Health Potential and Sustainable Food Challenges-Narrative Review.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2025Review
- Regular-fat and low-fat dairy foods and cardiovascular diseases: perspectives for future dietary recommendations.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Review
- Dietary fats and cardiometabolic health-from public health to personalised nutrition: 'One for all' and 'all for one'.Nutrition bulletin · 2025Article
- Cheese: mere indulgence or part of a healthy diet?Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Dissecting Causal Relationships Between Dietary Habits and Diverse Subtypes of Stroke: Mendelian Randomization Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundProspective observational data revealed lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence with modeled replacement of saturated fatty acids (SFA) from total meat by total dairy, but it is unknown what the associations are of replacing SFA from types of meat by types of dairy with CVD incidence.
objectivesThis study aimed to investigate the associations of replacing SFA from total, red, processed, and poultry meat by SFA from total dairy, milk, cheese, and yogurt with the incidence of CVD.
methodsWe analyzed longitudinal data from 21,841 participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Norfolk study (56.4% female; age, 40-79 years). Dietary data were collected by food frequency questionnaires at baseline (1993-1997). Incident fatal or nonfatal CVD (n = 5902), coronary artery disease (CAD; n = 4215), stroke (total: n = 2544; ischemic: n = 1113; hemorrhagic: n = 449) were identified up to 2018. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Cox regression for the risk associated with replacement of 2.5% of energy from SFA from meat by dairy, adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle, energy, dietary, and cardiometabolic factors.
resultsReplacing SFA from total meat by total dairy was associated with a lower CVD incidence (HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.96) and CAD (HR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.80, 0.96). Replacing SFA from processed meat by cheese was associated with lower CVD (HR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.68, 0.88); CAD (HR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.90), and stroke (HR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.99). Similarly, replacing SFA from red meat by cheese was associated with lower CVD (HR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.97). Higher incidence of stroke was found with replacement of SFA from poultry by milk (HR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.09, 3.89), yogurt (HR: 2.55; 95% CI: 1.27, 5.13), or cheese (HR: 1.96; 95% CI: 1.04, 3.70), but the CI were relatively large, owing to low, narrow range of poultry SFA intake.
conclusionsFindings indicate that different SFA-rich foods at baseline have differential associations with CVD risk. If confirmed by further studies, these findings could be used to inform specific food-based dietary guidance.
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