Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38606611›Full record

Observational studyJournal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV2025

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Mycoplasma genitalium at pharyngeal and anorectal sites in patients presenting to an STI outpatient ward.

A Kogler, B Sadoghi, A Draschl, D Chromy, L Binder, A Schiefer-Niederkorn, E L Hofmann-Wellenhof, P Wolf

Open access · hybridAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

A KoglerDepartment of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8612-7234
B SadoghiDepartment of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2342-022X
A DraschlDivision of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
D ChromyDepartment of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1807-8258
L BinderDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
A Schiefer-NiederkornDepartment of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
E L Hofmann-WellenhofDepartment of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
P WolfDepartment of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Medical University of Graz · ATMedical University of Vienna · AT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is unbridled and on the rise. Extragenital STIs (anal and pharyngeal infections) are commonly asymptomatic, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment and consequently higher chances of onward transmission.

objectiveThe aim of this observational single-centre study was to determine the prevalence of STIs at extragenital sites in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients presenting at an STI outpatient clinic.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who presented between October 2019 and February 2021 at the STI outpatient clinic of a tertiary centre in Central Europe. Patients were included in the study if they received at least one pharyngeal and/or anorectal swab in addition to a genital swab for multiplex-PCR STI diagnostics. Demographic data, symptoms and serological results were collected and analysed.

resultsData collected from 440 patients were analysed (mean age: 33.9 years, male: n = 345, 78.4%, female: n = 95, 21.6%). Ninety-seven males reported having sex with men (MSM); 174 patients identified as heterosexual (132 males, 42 females), and 10 females as bisexual. The sexual orientation was not reported in 159 cases. An STI was confirmed in 195 patients (44.3%) and, among those, 109 patients (55.9%) tested positive for an STI at extragenital sites. Seventy-one patients had a pharyngeal STI whereas 61 were infected in the anorectal region. Of those suffering from an extragenital STI, 64.2% (70 out of 109) tested negative for relevant pathogens at genital sites. The most frequently detected extragenital pathogen was Neisseria gonorrhoeae (71.8% of all pharyngeal STIs [51 out of 71], 55.7% of anorectal STIs [34 out of 61]), followed by Chlamydia trachomatis (41.0% of all anal infections [25 out of 61], 5.6% of pharyngeal infections [4 out of 71]). Pharyngeal and anorectal infections were asymptomatic in 88.7% [63 out of 71] and 65.6% [40 out of 61] of the cases, respectively.

conclusionsThese results underline the need to perform multisite testing, regardless of the presence of symptoms.

Indexed as

Chlamydia InfectionsGonorrheaMycoplasma genitaliumMycoplasma InfectionsPharyngeal DiseasesAdultAnal CanalChlamydia trachomatisFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeisseria gonorrhoeaePharynxPrevalenceRectal Diseases

Identifiers

PMID38606611
PMCPMC11761006
OpenAlexW4394762871

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.