ReviewJournal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care2024
Efficacy and safety of ciprofol versus propofol for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of ciprofol versus propofol for anesthesia in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscope: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT).BMC anesthesiology · 2025Pooled it
- Ciprofol versus propofol for sedation in colonoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Brazilian journal of anesthesiology (Elsevier)Pooled it
- Optimal dose of ciprofol combined with remifentanil for laryngeal mask placement without muscle relaxant: a biased-coin up-and-down sequential allocation trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Ciprofol for Sedation in Critically Ill Patients After Cardiac Surgery: A Single-Center, Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Trial
- Ciprofol versus Propofol for Emergence Agitation and Recovery Quality in Pediatric Dental Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Ciprofol versus Propofol for Tracheal Intubation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Hernia Repair: An Assessor-Blinded Randomised Controlled Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Trial
- The effects of ciprofol and propofol on hypoxemia during gastrointestinal endoscopy in overweight and obese patients: a randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Trial
- The potency-ratio of ciprofol and propofol under procedural sedation and anesthesia for outpatient hysteroscopy during cervical dilation: a study using up-and-down sequential allocation method.BMC anesthesiology · 2024Trial
- Advantages of Ciprofol with Special Consideration of Pediatric Anesthesia.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Determination of ED50 and ED95 for Ciprofol in Morbidly Obese Patients During Induction of General Anesthesia: A Single-Center, Up-and-Down Study Based on Lean Body Weight.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- Intraoperative pain management for patients undergoing medication-assisted rehabilitation: a scoping review.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Article
- Safety and efficacy of cipepofol for painless digestive endoscopy in older patients: a randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority trial.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Myriads of updated systematic reviews and meta-analyses - Should trial sequential and power-analysis be mandatory?Indian journal of anaesthesia · 2025Article
- A chronopharmacological comparison of ciprofol and propofol: focus on sedation and side effects.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Dexmedetomidine combined with propofol improves hemodynamic stability and recovery in elderly patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung cancer resection.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- Determination of the Median Effective Dose (ED50) of Ciprofol for Successful Sedation in Pediatric Patients During General Anesthesia Induction.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Safety and efficacy of ciprofol for general anesthesia induction in elderly patients undergoing lumbar surgery.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Correction: Efficacy and safety of ciprofol versus propofol for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2024Article
- The Effect of Sevoflurane and Propofol on the Status of Renal Complications in Traumatic Injury Patients Following Laminectomy Surgery.Bulletin of emergency and trauma · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPropofol has been the gold standard for anesthesia induction and maintenance due to its rapid onset and favorable pharmacokinetic properties. However, the search for alternative agents with improved safety and efficacy has led to the emergence of ciprofol (HSK3486), a structural analog of propofol. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to comprehensively assess the safety and efficacy of ciprofol compared to propofol for anesthesia induction and maintenance in adult patients undergoing surgical procedures.
methodsThis study included only double-arm RCTs in which participants were aged eighteen or older undergoing surgery. For the statistical analysis of the extracted data, we employed RevMan 5.4.1.
resultsCiprofol demonstrated a promising trend of higher anesthesiologists' satisfaction during the induction phase (MD 0.14, 95%, CI - 0.28 to 0.56, p = 0.51), whereas Propofol was favored during maintenance. Propofol also exhibited advantages with a shorter time to successful anesthesia induction (MD 0.08 min, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.15, p = 0.04), and quicker attainment of full alertness (MD 0.11 min, 95% CI - 1.29 to 1.52, p = 0.87), suggesting its efficiency in clinical practice. Importantly, there were no significant disparities in the success rate of anesthesia.
conclusionBoth ciprofol and propofol demonstrate comparable efficacy and safety for anesthesia induction and maintenance in adult patients undergoing surgery. While propofol provides a faster onset of induction, ciprofol exhibits advantages in terms of pain management. Clinicians should consider these findings when selecting anesthetic agents, and tailoring choices to individual patient needs and clinical scenarios.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.