ArticleJournal of extracellular vesicles2024
Neonatal enteroids absorb extracellular vesicles from human milk-fed infant digestive fluid.
Article in Journal of extracellular vesicles, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Cross-Species Analysis of Milk Extracellular Vesicles Reveals a Conserved Innate Core and a Divergent, Human-Specific Adaptive Immune Fraction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Bovine Colostrum-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Impair Cancer Cell Proliferation Through Transcriptional Dysregulation.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- The RNA-binding protein Imp1 promotes a Spdef transcriptional program and mucus fucosylation during necrotizing enterocolitis.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2026Article
- Human milk: insights on cell composition, organoids and emerging applications.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Bronchial epithelial cell-derived extracellular vesicle analysis using conventional, imaging, and nanoscale flow cytometry technologies.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The RNA-binding protein Imp1 promotes a Spdef transcriptional program and mucus fucosylation during necrotizing enterocolitis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Effects of extensive protein hydrolysate in supporting intestinal barrier function in vitro.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles from human milk for potential use as a dietary supplement in clinical research with preterm infants.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Breast milk miRNAs and their potential role in the development of atopy in infants.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
- Workflow for the Isolation and Characterisation of Human Milk Extracellular Vesicles (HMEVs) and Their Inflammatory Biomarker Profile.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- The involvement of human breastmilk-derived extracellular vesicles in the development of infant atopic sensitization.Allergologie select · 2026Review
- Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles From Fresh vs. Frozen Human Milk Including the Vesicular microRNA Cargo.Journal of extracellular biology · 2025Article
- Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and microRNAs: Potential Modulators of Intestinal Homeostasis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Review
- Article
- Microscopic messengers: Extracellular vesicles shaping gastrointestinal health and disease.Physiological reports · 2025Review
- Gut-X axis.iMeta · 2025Review
- Mechanistic insight into human milk extracellular vesicle-intestinal barrier interactions.Journal of extracellular biology · 2025Article
- Multi-Omics Profiles of Small Intestine Organoids in Reaction to Breast Milk and Different Infant Formula Preparations.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Neonatal enteroids absorb extracellular vesicles from human milk-fed infant digestive fluid.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human milk contains extracellular vesicles (HMEVs). Pre-clinical models suggest that HMEVs may enhance intestinal function and limit inflammation; however, it is unknown if HMEVs or their cargo survive neonatal human digestion. This limits the ability to leverage HMEV cargo as additives to infant nutrition or as therapeutics. This study aimed to develop an EV isolation pipeline from small volumes of human milk and neonatal intestinal contents after milk feeding (digesta) to address the hypothesis that HMEVs survive in vivo neonatal digestion to be taken up intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Digesta was collected from nasoduodenal sampling tubes or ostomies. EVs were isolated from raw and pasteurized human milk and digesta by density-gradient ultracentrifugation following two-step skimming, acid precipitation of caseins, and multi-step filtration. EVs were validated by electron microscopy, western blotting, nanoparticle tracking analysis, resistive pulse sensing, and super-resolution microscopy. EV uptake was tested in human neonatal enteroids. HMEVs and digesta EVs (dEVs) show typical EV morphology and are enriched in CD81 and CD9, but depleted of β-casein and lactalbumin. HMEV and some dEV fractions contain mammary gland-derived protein BTN1A1. Neonatal human enteroids rapidly take up dEVs in part via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Our data suggest that EVs can be isolated from digestive fluid and that these dEVs can be absorbed by IECs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.