ArticleCell proliferation2024
Phosphorylation-regulated phase separation of syndecan-4 and syntenin promotes the biogenesis of exosomes.
Article in Cell proliferation, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exosomes in depression: mechanistic insights, diagnostic potential, and therapeutic opportunities.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Andrographolide targets syndecan4 to impair its interaction with syntenin and inhibits the biogenesis of small extracellular vesicles.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Phase separation and the tumor microenvironment.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Association of the p.Phe155del mutation in SERPINC1 with changed antithrombin function and increased risk of venous thromboembolism: clinical and functional observations.Thrombosis journal · 2025Article
- Hepatocellular EVs Regulate Lipid Metabolism via SIRT1/SREBP-1c/PGC-1α Signaling in Primary Calf Hepatocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Phosphorylation-regulated phase separation of syndecan-4 and syntenin promotes the biogenesis of exosomes.Cell proliferation · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The biogenesis of exosomes that mediate cell-to-cell communication by transporting numerous biomolecules to neighbouring cells is an essential cellular process. The interaction between the transmembrane protein syndecan-4 (SDC4) and cytosolic protein syntenin plays a key role in the biogenesis of exosomes. However, how the relatively weak binding of syntenin to SDC4 efficiently enables syntenin sorting for packaging into exosomes remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that SDC4 can undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) to form condensates both in vitro and in the cell membrane and that, the SDC4 cytoplasmic domain (SDC4-CD) is a key contributor to this process. The phase separation of SDC4 greatly enhances the recruitment of syntenin to the plasma membrane (PM) despite the weak SDC4-syntenin interaction, facilitating syntenin sorting for inclusion in exosomes. Interestingly, phosphorylation at the only serine (179) in the SDC4-CD (Ser179) disrupts SDC4 LLPS, and inhibited phosphorylation or dephosphorylation restores the SDC4 LLPS to promote its recruitment of syntenin to the PM and syntenin inclusion into exosomes. This research reveals a novel phosphorylation-regulated phase separation property of SDC4 in the PM through which SDC4 efficiently recruits cytosolic syntenin and facilitates the biogenesis of exosomes, providing potential intervention targets for exosome-mediated biomedical events.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.