ArticleNature communications2024
Vaccination impairs de novo immune response to omicron breakthrough infection, a precondition for the original antigenic sin.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pre-existing and cross-reactive immunity to avian influenza H5N1 in humans: Implications for pandemic risk and vaccine strategies.The Journal of infection · 2026Review
- Mechanisms Underlying the Induction of Immunological Imprinting by RNA Viruses and Intervention Strategies.Viruses · 2026Review
- Article
- A glycan-based adjuvant expands the breadth and duration of protection of mRNA-based vaccines.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Building better antibody responses: The interplay of infection, vaccination, and immune imprinting.PNAS nexus · 2026Review
- Inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus vaccination imprints fusion loop-biased antibody responses that are attenuated by repeated live-attenuated dengue vaccination.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Heterologous mucosal vaccine boosting enhances mucosal and systemic immunity by distinct mechanisms.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 variants: biology, pathogenicity, immunity and control.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Adenoviral vector oropharyngeal spray immunization elicits mucosal immunity and protects against heterologous SARS-CoV-2 infection.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Differential immune profiles in elderly patients with non-severe versus severe SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant infection: dysregulation of antibody responses and B-cell subsets.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Article
- Spillover of SARS-CoV-2 to domestic dogs in COVID-19-positive households: A one health surveillance study.Virus research · 2025Article
- Differential immunity induced by Omicron sublineages in naïve and vaccine breakthrough infections.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Intrinsic immunogenicity is a major determinant of type-specific responses in SARS-CoV-2 infections.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Multiple infections with Omicron variants increase breadth and potency of Omicron-specific neutralizing antibodies.Cell discovery · 2025Article
- Article
- Detrimental Effects of Anti-Nucleocapsid Antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Reinfection, and the Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Effect of XBB.1.5-adapted booster vaccination on the imprinting of SARS-CoV-2 immunity.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Profiling serum immunodominance following SARS-CoV-2 primary and breakthrough infection reveals distinct variant-specific epitope usage and immune imprinting.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Vaccination against rapidly evolving pathogens and the entanglements of memory.Nature immunology · 2024Review
- Sequence Matters: Primary COVID-19 Vaccination after Infection Elicits Similar Anti-spike Antibody Levels, but Stronger Antibody Dependent Cell-mediated Cytotoxicity than Breakthrough Infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several studies have suggested the imprinting of SARS-CoV-2 immunity by original immune challenge without addressing the formation of the de novo response to successive antigen exposures. As this is crucial for the development of the original antigenic sin, we assessed the immune response against the mutated epitopes of omicron SARS-CoV-2 after vaccine breakthrough. Our data demonstrate a robust humoral response in thrice-vaccinated individuals following omicron breakthrough which is a recall of vaccine-induced memory. The humoral and memory B cell responses against the altered regions of the omicron surface proteins are impaired. The T cell responses to mutated epitopes of the omicron spike protein are present due to the high cross-reactivity of vaccine-induced T cells rather than the formation of a de novo response. Our findings, therefore, underpin the speculation that the imprinting of SARS-CoV-2 immunity by vaccination may lead to the development of original antigenic sin if future variants overcome the vaccine-induced immunity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.