Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38599653›Full record

Observational studyRMD open2024

Incidence and outcome of COVID-19 following vaccine and hybrid immunity in patients on immunosuppressive therapy: identification of protective post-immunisation anti-RBD antibody levels in a prospective cohort study.

Hilde S Ørbo, Kristin H Bjørlykke, Joseph Sexton, Ingrid Jyssum, Anne T Tveter, Ingrid E Christensen, Siri Mjaaland, Tore K Kvien, Gunnveig Grødeland, Grete B Kro and 8 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in RMD open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04798625 (A Norwegian Study of Vaccine Response to COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients Using Immunosuppressive Medication Within Rheumatology and Gastroenterology), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04798625 active not recruitingnot on this map

A Norwegian Study of Vaccine Response to COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients Using Immunosuppressive Medication Within Rheumatology and Gastroenterology: the Nor-vaC Study

TypeobservationalSponsorDiakonhjemmet HospitalRan2021 to 2027Enrolled2,300ConditionsRheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis, Spondyloarthritis, Crohn Disease
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.

Hilde S ØrboCenter for treatment of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases (REMEDY), Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway hildeorbo@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-0957-1681
Kristin H BjørlykkeInstitute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0003-2369-6760
Joseph SextonCenter for treatment of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases (REMEDY), Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Ingrid JyssumCenter for treatment of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases (REMEDY), Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0003-1412-9713
Anne T TveterCenter for treatment of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases (REMEDY), Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0003-1701-9835
Ingrid E ChristensenCenter for treatment of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases (REMEDY), Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-8429-8152
Siri MjaalandDivision of Infection Control, Section for Immunology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Tore K KvienCenter for treatment of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases (REMEDY), Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-8441-3093
Gunnveig GrødelandInstitute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Grete B KroDepartment of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Jørgen JahnsenInstitute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Espen A HaavardsholmCenter for treatment of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases (REMEDY), Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-1427-4745
Ludvig A MuntheInstitute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Sella A ProvanCenter for treatment of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases (REMEDY), Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0001-5442-902X
John T Vaage *Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Guro Løvik Goll *Center for treatment of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases (REMEDY), Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-8506-725X
Kristin Kaasen Jørgensen *Department of Gastroenterology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
Silje Watterdal Syversen *Center for treatment of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases (REMEDY), Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0003-2159-3696
University of Oslo · NOOslo University Hospital · NOInstitute for Rheumatic Diseases (Japan) · JPAkershus University Hospital · NONorwegian Institute of Public Health · NO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo assess incidence, severity and predictors of COVID-19, including protective post-vaccination levels of antibodies to the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (anti-RBD), informing further vaccine strategies for patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) on immunosuppressive medication.

methodsIMIDs on immunosuppressives and healthy controls (HC) receiving SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were included in this prospective observational study. COVID-19 and outcome were registered and anti-RBD antibodies measured 2-5 weeks post-immunisation.

resultsBetween 15 February 2021 and 15 February 2023, 1729 IMIDs and 350 HC provided blood samples and self-reported COVID-19. The incidence of COVID-19 was 66% in patients and 67% in HC, with re-infection occurring in 12% of patients. Severe COVID-19 was recorded in 22 (2%) patients and no HC. No COVID-19-related deaths occurred. Vaccine-induced immunity gave higher risk of COVID-19 (HR 5.89 (95% CI 4.45 to 7.80)) than hybrid immunity. Post-immunisation anti-RBD levels <6000 binding antibody units/mL were associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 following three (HR 1.37 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.74)) and four doses (HR 1.28 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.62)), and of COVID-19 re-infection (HR 4.47 (95% CI 1.87 to 10.67)).

conclusionVaccinated patients with IMID have a low risk of severe COVID-19. Hybrid immunity lowers the risk of infection. High post-immunisation anti-RBD levels protect against COVID-19. These results suggest that knowledge on COVID-19 history, and assessment of antibody levels post-immunisation can help individualise vaccination programme series in high-risk individuals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04798625.

Indexed as

COVID-19Spike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusVaccinesAdaptive ImmunityCOVID-19 VaccinesHumansImmunizationImmunomodulating AgentsImmunosuppression TherapyIncidenceProspective StudiesSARS-CoV-2VaccinationCOVID-19 VaccinesImmunomodulating AgentsSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2Vaccinesautoimmunitybiological therapyCOVID-19vaccination

Identifiers

PMID38599653
PMCPMC11015197
OpenAlexW4394687786

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.