ArticleCerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)2024
Reliability of the TMS-evoked potential in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
Article in Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical utility and prospective of TMS-EEG: Updated review from an international expert group.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- Noninvasive profiling of input-output excitability curves in human prefrontal cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- State-Dependent Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Synchronized with Electroencephalography: Mechanisms, Applications, and Future Directions.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Prefrontal Oscillatory Slowing in Early-Course Schizophrenia Is Associated With Worse Cognitive Performance and Negative Symptoms: A Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Electroencephalography Study.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2025Article
- Utilization of Single-Pulse Transcranial-Evoked Potentials in Neurological and Psychiatric Clinical Practice: A Narrative Review.Neurology international · 2024Review
- Theta-burst direct electrical stimulation remodels human brain networks.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Real-time optimization to enhance noninvasive cortical excitability assessment in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
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5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
We currently lack a reliable method to probe cortical excitability noninvasively from the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). We recently found that the strength of early and local dlPFC transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-evoked potentials (EL-TEPs) varied widely across dlPFC subregions. Despite these differences in response amplitude, reliability at each target is unknown. Here we quantified within-session reliability of dlPFC EL-TEPs after TMS to six left dlPFC subregions in 15 healthy subjects. We evaluated reliability (concordance correlation coefficient [CCC]) across targets, time windows, quantification methods, regions of interest, sensor- vs. source-space, and number of trials. On average, the medial target was most reliable (CCC = 0.78) and the most anterior target was least reliable (CCC = 0.24). However, all targets except the most anterior were reliable (CCC > 0.7) using at least one combination of the analytical parameters tested. Longer (20 to 60 ms) and later (30 to 60 ms) windows increased reliability compared to earlier and shorter windows. Reliable EL-TEPs (CCC up to 0.86) were observed using only 25 TMS trials at a medial dlPFC target. Overall, medial dlPFC targeting, wider windows, and peak-to-peak quantification improved reliability. With careful selection of target and analytic parameters, highly reliable EL-TEPs can be extracted from the dlPFC after only a small number of trials.
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