Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38594356›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

Temporal and spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Danube River in Hungary.

Ruqayah Ali Grmasha, Csilla Stenger-Kovács, Osamah J Al-Sareji, Raed A Al-Juboori, Mónika Meiczinger, Manolia Andredaki, Ibijoke A Idowu, Hasan Sh Majdi, Khalid Hashim, Nadhir Al-Ansari

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Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ruqayah Ali GrmashaLimnology Research Group, Center for Natural Science, University of Pannonia, Egyetem Utca 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary.
Csilla Stenger-KovácsLimnology Research Group, Center for Natural Science, University of Pannonia, Egyetem Utca 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary.
Osamah J Al-SarejiEnvironmental Research and Studies Center, University of Babylon, Al-Hillah, 51001, Iraq.
Raed A Al-JubooriNYUAD Water Research Center, New York University-Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Mónika MeiczingerSustainability Solutions Research Lab, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem Str. 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary.
Manolia AndredakiSchool of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
Ibijoke A IdowuSchool of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
Hasan Sh MajdiDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq.
Khalid HashimEnvironmental Research and Studies Center, University of Babylon, Al-Hillah, 51001, Iraq. k.s.hashim@ljmu.ac.uk.
Nadhir Al-AnsariDepartment of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden. nadhir.alansari@ltu.se.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Danube is a significant transboundary river on a global scale, with several tributaries. The effluents from industrial operations and wastewater treatment plants have an impact on the river's aquatic ecosystem. These discharges provide a significant threat to aquatic life by deteriorating the quality of water and sediment. Hence, a total of 16 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) compounds were analyzed at six locations along the river, covering a period of 12 months. The objective was to explore the temporal and spatial fluctuations of these chemicals in both water and sediment. The study revealed a significant fluctuation in the concentration of PAHs in water throughout the year, with levels ranging from 224.8 ng/L during the summer to 365.8 ng/L during the winter. Similarly, the concentration of PAHs in sediment samples varied from 316.7 ng/g in dry weight during the summer to 422.9 ng/g in dry weight during the winter. According to the Europe Drinking Water Directive, the levels of PAHs exceeded the permitted limit of 100 ng/L, resulting in a 124.8% rise in summer and a 265.8% increase in winter. The results suggest that the potential human-caused sources of PAHs were mostly derived from pyrolytic and pyrogenic processes, with pyrogenic sources being more dominant. Assessment of sediment quality standards (SQGs) showed that the levels of PAHs in sediments were below the Effect Range Low (ERL), except for acenaphthylene (Acy) and fluorene (Fl) concentrations. This suggests that there could be occasional biological consequences. The cumulative Individual Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) exceeds 1/10

Indexed as

Polycyclic Aromatic HydrocarbonsWater Pollutants, ChemicalAdultChildChinaEcosystemEnvironmental MonitoringGeologic SedimentsHumansHungaryRisk AssessmentRiversWaterPolycyclic Aromatic HydrocarbonsWaterWater Pollutants, ChemicalDanube RiverDiagnostic ratiosPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsRisk assessmentSedimentWater

Identifiers

PMID38594356
PMCPMC11004153

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.