Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38592723›Full record

ArticleJAMA network open2024

Top Factors in Nurses Ending Health Care Employment Between 2018 and 2021.

K Jane Muir, Joshua Porat-Dahlerbruch, Jacqueline Nikpour, Kathryn Leep-Lazar, Karen B Lasater

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JAMA network open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
49.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Gender-Based Disparities in Nursing Compensation.The American journal of nursing · 2026
    Article
  6. Observational
  7. Article
  8. Job and Health Outcomes Among Transgender and Gender-Diverse Nurses.Journal of transcultural nursing : official journal of the Transcultural Nursing Society · 2026
    Observational
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Observational
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Observational
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

K Jane MuirCenter for Health Outcomes and Policy Research, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Joshua Porat-DahlerbruchDepartment of Acute and Tertiary Care, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Jacqueline NikpourCenter for Health Outcomes and Policy Research, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Kathryn Leep-LazarRory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York.
Karen B LasaterCenter for Health Outcomes and Policy Research, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
University of Pennsylvania · USNew York University · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · US

Funding

Pilot Projects/Mt. SinaiT42OH008422 · OH · MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE OF NYU · PI MEYER, JOHN D · 2005 to 2025
$28.6M
ADVANCED TRAINING IN NURSING OUTCOMES RESEARCHT32NR007104 · NINR · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI JACQUELINE MARGO BROOKS CARTHON, EILEEN T LAKE · 1999 to 2026
$11.6M
The Impact of Changes in Nursing Systems and Models of Care on Patient Outcomes: A Panel StudyR01NR014855 · NINR · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Matthew D. McHugh · 2014 to 2026
$7.5M
Learning from Hospital Preparedness during COVID: Chronically Under-Resourced Nurses and Patient SafetyR01HS028978 · AHRQ · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI LASATER, KAREN BLANCHETTE · 2022 to 2024
$1.1M
AHRQ HHS R01 HS028978NINR NIH HHS R01 NR014855NINR NIH HHS T32 NR007104NIOSH CDC HHS T42 OH008422
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Importance: The increase in new registered nurses is expected to outpace retirements, yet health care systems continue to struggle with recruiting and retaining nurses. Objective: To examine the top contributing factors to nurses ending health care employment between 2018 and 2021 in New York and Illinois. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study analyzed survey data (RN4CAST-NY/IL) from registered nurses in New York and Illinois from April 13 to June 22, 2021. Differences in contributing factors to ending health care employment are described by nurses' age, employment status, and prior setting of employment and through exemplar nurse quotes. Main Outcomes and Measures: Nurses were asked to select all that apply from a list of contributing factors for ending health care employment, and the percentage of nurse respondents per contributing factor were reported. Results: A total of 7887 nurses (mean [SD] age, 60.1 [12.9] years; 7372 [93%] female) who recently ended health care employment after a mean (SD) of 30.8 (15.1) years of experience were included in the study. Although planned retirement was the leading factor (3047 [39%]), nurses also cited burnout or emotional exhaustion (2039 [26%]), insufficient staffing (1687 [21%]), and family obligations (1456 [18%]) as other top contributing factors. Among retired nurses, 2022 (41%) ended health care employment for reasons other than planned retirement, including burnout or emotional exhaustion (1099 [22%]) and insufficient staffing (888 [18%]). The age distribution of nurses not employed in health care was similar to that of nurses currently employed in health care, suggesting that a demographically similar, already existing supply of nurses could be attracted back into health care employment. Conclusions and Relevance: In this cross-sectional study, nurses primarily ended health care employment due to systemic features of their employer. Reducing and preventing burnout, improving nurse staffing levels, and supporting nurses' work-life balance (eg, childcare needs, weekday schedules, and shorter shift lengths) are within the scope of employers and may improve nurse retention.

Indexed as

Burnout, PsychologicalEmotional ExhaustionAge DistributionCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHealth FacilitiesHumansMaleMiddle Aged

Identifiers

PMID38592723
PMCPMC11004833
OpenAlexW4394602538

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.