ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2024
Digital Pathology Applications for PD-L1 Scoring in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Challenging Series.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Application of artificial intelligence in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Spatial Biomarker Deep Learning Model Predicts Response to PI3K Inhibition in Head and Neck Cancer.Cancers · 2026Article
- Immunohistochemistry for Skin Cancers: A Comprehensive Approach to the Diagnosis of Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The assessment of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined positive scoring (CPS) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is challenged by pre-analytical and inter-observer variabilities. An educational program to compare the diagnostic performances between local pathologists and a board of pathologists on 11 challenging cases from different Italian pathology centers stained with PD-L1 immunohistochemistry on a digital pathology platform is reported. A laboratory-developed test (LDT) using both 22C3 (Dako) and SP263 (Ventana) clones on Dako or Ventana platforms was compared with the companion diagnostic (CDx) Dako 22C3 pharm Dx assay. A computational approach was performed to assess possible correlations between stain features and pathologists' visual assessments. Technical discordances were noted in five cases (LDT vs. CDx, 45%), due to an abnormal nuclear/cytoplasmic diaminobenzidine (DAB) stain in LDT (n = 2, 18%) and due to variation in terms of intensity, dirty background, and DAB droplets (n = 3, 27%). Interpretative discordances were noted in six cases (LDT vs. CDx, 54%). CPS remained unchanged, increased, or decreased from LDT to CDx in three (27%) cases, two (18%) cases, and one (9%) case, respectively, around relevant cutoffs (1 and 20,
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