Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38591343›Full record

ReviewAnimal models and experimental medicine2024

Against all odds: The road to success in the development of human immune reconstitution mice.

Yixiao Bin, Jing Ren, Haowei Zhang, Tianjiao Zhang, Peijuan Liu, Zhiqian Xin, Haijiao Yang, Zhuan Feng, Zhinan Chen, Hai Zhang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Animal models and experimental medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. A pig with functional human immunity.Nature biomedical engineering · 2025
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yixiao BinSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.
Jing RenSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China.
Haowei ZhangDepartment of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Tianjiao ZhangDepartment of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Peijuan LiuDepartment of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Zhiqian XinDepartment of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Haijiao YangDepartment of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Zhuan FengDepartment of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Zhinan ChenDepartment of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
Hai ZhangDepartment of Cell Biology, National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7999-0208

Funding

Scientific and Technological Resources Coordination Project of Shaanxi Province 2020PT-002Scientific and Technological Resources Coordination Project of Shaanxi Province 2022PT-43Scientific and Technological Resources Coordination Project of Shaanxi Province CX-PT-18Special Fund for Military Laboratory Animals SYDW_KY (2021)13State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers CBSKL2022ZZ28
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The mouse genome has a high degree of homology with the human genome, and its physiological, biochemical, and developmental regulation mechanisms are similar to those of humans; therefore, mice are widely used as experimental animals. However, it is undeniable that interspecies differences between humans and mice can lead to experimental errors. The differences in the immune system have become an important factor limiting current immunological research. The application of immunodeficient mice provides a possible solution to these problems. By transplanting human immune cells or tissues, such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells or hematopoietic stem cells, into immunodeficient mice, a human immune system can be reconstituted in the mouse body, and the engrafted immune cells can elicit human-specific immune responses. Researchers have been actively exploring the development and differentiation conditions of host recipient animals and grafts in order to achieve better immune reconstitution. Through genetic engineering methods, immunodeficient mice can be further modified to provide a favorable developmental and differentiation microenvironment for the grafts. From initially only being able to reconstruct single T lymphocyte lineages, it is now possible to reconstruct lymphoid and myeloid cells, providing important research tools for immunology-related studies. In this review, we compare the differences in immune systems of humans and mice, describe the development history of human immune reconstitution from the perspectives of immunodeficient mice and grafts, and discuss the latest advances in enhancing the efficiency of human immune cell reconstitution, aiming to provide important references for immunological related researches.

Indexed as

Immune ReconstitutionAnimalsHematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationHumansMicehematopoietic stem cellhuman immune reconstitutionimmune responseimmunodeficient miceperipheral blood mononuclear celltransplantation

Identifiers

PMID38591343
PMCPMC11369039

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.